Week 1 Flashcards
This is a computer case which is oriented vertically. It is typically located on the f loor under, or beside, a desk or table. It
provides room for expansion to accommodate additional components such as disk drives, adapter cards, and more.
Full-Size Tower Case
This is a smaller version of the full-size tower and is commonly found in the corporate environment. It may also be called a
mini-tower or small form factor (SFF) model. It can be located on the user desk or on the f loor. It provides limited room for
expansion.
Compact Tower
These were popular with early computer systems. The computer case was horizontally oriented on the user
desk with the monitor positioned on top. This form factor is no longer popular.
Horizontal Case
All of the computer system components are integrated into the display. They often include touchscreen input and built-in microphone and speaker
All-in-one
It was Created by Inter in 1995 and it is the most common
Standard-ATX
What is the size of Standart-ATX
12x9.6
It is a smaller variant of the ATX form factor
Micro-ATX
What is the size of Micro-ATX
9.6x9.6
It was created by VIA in 2001
Mini-ITX
What is the size of Mini-ITX
6.7x6.7
Created by VIA in 2003
Nano-ITX
What is the size of Nano-ITX
4.7x4.7
It was created by VIA in 2007
Pico-ITX
what is the size of Pico-ITX
3.9x2.8
What is the size of Driver Bay commonly used for optical drives
5.25
What is the size of Diver Bay used for hard disk drive and card readers
3.5
What is the size of Driver Bay used for solid-state drive
2.5
It is an electrical device that supplies electric power to an electrical load
Power Supply
This the original power supply for legacy computer systems now considered obsolete. Uses two separate 6 pins as its main power connector
Advanced Technology (AT)
This the updated version of the AT but still considered to be obsolete. The improvement is more on the power rating (>250 current for the predec essor and >300 for it)
AT Extended (ATX)
This the most common power supply on the market today. It includes a scond motherboard connector to provide dedicated power to the CPU
Advanced Technology (ATX12v)
This was orginally designed for network servers but is now commonly used in high-end desktop model
EPS12v
Measure of work required to move a charge from one location to another. A computer power supply usually produces several different charges
Volts (V)
Measure of the amount of electrons moving through a circuit per second
Amperes (A)
Refers to the opposition to the flow of current in a circuit
Ohms(Ω)
Computer Power supplies are rated in _______
Watts (P)
Connectsd to the Motherboard
20/24 Pin connector
Connects Disk Drives
SATA Connector
Connects Disk Drives, Optic Drive
Molex Connector
Provide additional power to the CPU
4/8 Pin Aux Conn
Provides power to the PCIe
6/8 Pin PCIe Connector
Connects Floppy Disk Drives
Berg Connector
Pins are located on the underside of the processor
Pin Grid Array (PGA Socket)
Pins are located in the socket
Land Grid Array (LGA Socket)
Used to permantly mount IC to circuit
Ball Grid Array (BGA Socket)
How many pins does AM2+ socket have?
940 pins
How many pins does FM2 socket have?
904 pins
How many pins does AM3 socket have?
941 pins
How many pins does AM3+ socket have?
942 pins
How many pins does AM4 socket have?
1331 pins (ZIF)
What is the 5th Generation called?
Broadwell
What is the 6th Generation called?
Skylake
What is the 7th Generation called?
Kabylake
What is the 8th-9th Generation called?
Coffeelake
What is the “Intel Core” in Intel Core i7-8650 U
Brand
What is the “i7” in Intel Core i7-8650 U
Brand Modifier
What is the “8” in Intel Core i7-8650 U
Gen Indicator
What is the “650” in Intel Core i7-8650 U
SKU Numeric Digits
What is the “U” in Intel Core i7-8650 U
Product Line Suffix
This chips are located on the motherboard and other circuit boards and contain instructions that can be directly accessed by a CPU
ROM
This chips retain their contents even when the computer is powered down. The contents cannot be erased or changed easily
ROM
The instructions stored in ______ include basic operation intructions such as booting the computer and loading the operating system
ROM
Information is written to a ____ chips when it is manufactured. A ________ chip cannot be erased or re-written and is obsolete
ROM
Information is written to a ______ chips after it is manufactured. A _____ chips cannot be erased or re-written
Programmable Read Only Mem. (PROM)
Information is written to a ______ chips after it is manufactured. An _____ can be erased with exposure to UV light
Erasable Programmable Read-Only Mem. (EPROM)
An ______ can be erased and re-written w/o having to remove the chip
Electrical Erasable Programmable Read Only Mem. (EEPROM)
is the temporary working storage for data and programs that are being accessed by the CPU
RAM
is volatile memory which, means that the contents are erased every time the computer is powered off
RAM
More ______ increases the memory capacity of the computer to hold and process programs and files
RAM
Used as a main memory
Dynamic RAM (DRAM)
Used as a cache memory
Static RAM (SRAM)
Operates in synchronization with the bus memory
Synchronous Dynamic RAM (SDRAM)
Increase perf. by transferring data twice per clock cycle
Double Data Rate (DDR)
Decrease noise and crosstalk between the signals
Double Data Rate 2 (DDR2)
Consumes less power and generate less heat
Double Data Rate 3 (DDR3)
Has advanced error correction features
Double Data Rate 4 (DDR4)
An electronic device package with a rectangular housing and two parallel rows of electrical connecting pins.
Dual Inline Package (DIP)
Consisted of a small printed circuit board upon which were mounted a number of memory chips. Has 30 pin or 72 pin configuration.
Single Inline Memory Module (SIMM)
A circuit board that holds 168-pin for SDRAM DIMMs, 184-pin for DDR DIMMs, 240-pin for DDR2 and DDR3 DIMMs.
Dual Inline Memory Module (DIMM)
72-pin and 100-pin configuration for support of 32-bit transfer and 144-pin, 200-pin, 204-pin for 64-bit transfer. Ideal use for devices conserving space.
Small Outline DIMM (SODIMM)
provide audio capability
Sound Adapter
Connects a computer to a network using network cable.
Network Internet Card (NIC)
connects to multiple disk drives making them work as one logic unit.
Redundant Array of Independent Disk Adapter (RAID)
provide video capability
Video Adapter
is a 32-bit or 64-bit expansion slot. It is currently found in many computers. It is found on most motherboards.
Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI)
This is smaller version of PCI for laptops._______ has three different form factors; Type I, Type II, and Type III.
Mini-PCI
is an updated version of the standard PCI. It uses a 32-bit bus with
higher bandwidth than the PCI bus. ________ can operate up to four times faster than PCI.
PCI extended (PCI-X)
It uses a serial bus that has has higher throughput and many other
improvements over the older expansion slots. _______ has x1, x4, x8, and x16 slots which vary in length from shortest to longest, respectively. Shown here are the two most common sizes, x1 at the top and x16 at the bottom.
PCI Express (PCIe)
are the traditional magnetic disk devices. Their storage capacityranges from gigabytes (GBs) to terabytes (TBs). Their speed is measured in revolutions per minute (RPM). Common ________ spindle speeds include 5400, 7200, and 10,000 RPM.
HDD
uses lasers to read data on optical media. There are three types drives including compact disc (CD), digital versatile disc (DVD), and Blu-ray disc (BD). CD, DVD, and BD media can be pre-recorded (read only), recordable (write once), or rewriteable (read and write multiple times)
Optical Drive
use nonvolatile flash memory chips to store data. This means that they are faster than magnetic HDDs. Their storage capacity also ranges from GBs to TBs. SSDs have no moving parts and therefore make no noise, are more energy efficient, and produce less heat than HDDs.
SSD
such as a a USB thumb drive that connects to a USB port. An external flash drive uses the same type of nonvolatile memory chips as SSDs. It does not require power to maintain its data. Their storage capacity ranges from MBs to GBs.
External Flash Drive
These are the most commonly used input devices. The ________ is used to enter text while the ________ is used to navigate the graphical user interface (GUI).
Keyboard and Mice
These input devices have touch or pressure sensitive screens. The computer receives instructions specific to the place on the screen that the user touches.
Touchscreen
These devices digitize an image or document. The digitization of the image is stored as a file that can be displayed, printed, or altered.
Scanners
These input devices are typically used on a computer to authenticate the user. A smart card may be the size of a credit card with an embedded microprocessor.
Card Readers
Commonly used in flat panel monitors and laptops. It consists of two polarizing filters with liquid crystal solution between them. An electronic current aligns the crystal so that light can either pass through or not pass through.
LCD/Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)
An LCD Display that uses _____ backlighting to light the display. ______ has lower power consumption than standard LCD backlighting, allows the panel to be thinner, lighter, brighter, and display better contrast.
Light Emitting Diode (LED)
Display uses a layer of organic material that responds to electrical stimulus to emit light. This process allows each pixel to light individually, resulting in much deeper black levels than LED. Displays are also thinner and lighter than LED displays.
Organic LED (OLED)
displays are another type of flat panel monitor that can achieve high levels of brightness, deep black levels, and a very wide range of colors. Display get their names from the use of tiny cells of ionized gas that light up when stimulated by electricity.
Plasma
Is a projection technology. Projectors use a spinning color wheel with a microprocessor controlled array of mirrors called digital micromirror device (DMD). Each mirror corresponds to a specific pixel. Each mirror reflects light toward or away from the projector optics.
Digital Light Processing (DLP)
are tiny dots that comprise a screen. Each ________ consists of red, green, and blue (RGB).
Pixel
Is the distance between pixels on the screen. A lower ________ number produces a better image.
Dot Pitch
is expressed in Hertz(Hz) and refers to how often per second the image is rebuilt.
Refresh Rates
Is the horizontal to vertical measurement of the viewing area of a monitor.
Aspect Ratio
This Connector is usually white and consists of 24 pins(Digital) and 4 pins for analog.
Digital Video Interface (DVI)
was developed specifically for high-definitioned televisions.
High Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI)
This Connectors have a central plug with a ring around it and are used to carry audo or video
RCA Connectors
This is a connector for analog video. It has 3 rows and 15 pins.
Video Graphic Array (VGA)
Connects Coaxial Cables to devices using a quarter turn connection scheme. ________ is used with digital or analog audio, or video.
BNC
Connector for mouse and keyboard with a mini DIN-6.
PS/2
were designed for use in portable devices such as cameras, MP3 players, and laptops. It can hold as much as 2GB.
Secured Digital (SD Cards)
A much smaller version of SD, commonly used in smartphones and tablets.
Micro SD
Is an older format, but still in wide use because of its high speed and high capacity (up to 128GB is common). ________ is often used as storage for video cameras.
Compact Flash
