WEEK 1

Question 1

WHO definition of health?

Answer 1

Complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.

Question 2

Research

Answer 2

• not opinionated
• contributes to generalizable knowledge
• theories, principles, relationships, and information that can be tested via observation, experimenting, and inference.

Question 3

Health Research

Answer 3

• biological, behavioral, and social science research on human health aspects.
• investigating aspects of mental, physical, and social well-being.

Question 4

Epidemiology

Answer 4

studying something in a group of people.

Question 5

Biostatistics

Answer 5

• applying stats to biological problems
• tests for association, correlation, and significance levels.

Question 6

What are the 3 types of health research?

Answer 6

Clinical
Population Health
Biological / Medical

Question 7

What are the steps of the research process?

Answer 7

• generate research q
• generate hypothesis
• collect data
• analyze data
• interpret findings
• report findings

Question 8

Brainstorming

Answer 8

• creating long lists of spontaneous ideas for research questions.
• concise = answers the 5W’s
• source: personal experiences, literature reports, clinical health practices.

Question 9

Concept Mapping

Answer 9

• visualizing relationships between concepts with circles and arrows.

Question 10

Structure of a Research Question

Answer 10

“is (exposure) related to (disease/outcome) in this (population) ?”

Question 11

Exposure

Answer 11

a personal characteristic, or something in the environment that could change a health condition’s likelihood.

Question 12

PICOT

Answer 12

• what is the patient/population/problem in question?
• what is the intervention?
• what is the intervention going to be compared to? Control group?
• What is the outcome?
• What is the timeline?

Question 13

What makes a good research question?

Answer 13

1. a real question (not based on a call to action)
2. testable (with existing methods)
3. generalizable (outside the scope of the study)
4. purposeful

Question 14

Refining a study question?

Answer 14

• does it answer one well-defined study question?
• what are the aim, objectives, and hypotheses that will enable us to answer the study question?
• is it feasible?
• would a conceptual framework be necessary?

Question 15

Study Goal

Answer 15

the main objective and question to be answered.

Question 16

Specific Objectives

Answer 16

• described actions to help reach the study goal.
• 2-4 (3 usually)
• in experimental studies, they take the form of hypotheses.

Question 17

SMART

Answer 17

• specific
• measurable
• attainable
• realistic/relevant
• timely

Question 18

Objectives (2)

Answer 18

• Sequential
• Independent

Question 19

Lalonde’s Model

Answer 19

• first to step away from just biology
• Human Biology + Environment + Lifestyle + Health Care Organizations

Question 20

Evans-Stoddart Model

Answer 20

Components:
Social Environment, Physical Environment, Genetic Environment
Health and Function, Disease and Injury, Healthcare
Well-being, Prosperity
Individual: behavior and biology

Question 21

Eco-social Model

Answer 21

Components:
- Individual
- Microsystem: peers, family, church, school, neighborhood, health services
- Mesosystem
- Exosystem: friends of family, mass media, social welfare services, neighbors, legal services.
- Macrosystem: ideologies and attitudes of culture
- Chronosystem: time

Question 22

Conceptual Model

Answer 22

Components:
- Injuries
- Personal: behaviors, chronic conditions
- Family/Interpersonal: socioeconomic status, social networks, housing.
- Community: health/social programs, violence, social capital, socioeconomic conditions.