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Maternal And Newborn Nursing > Week 1 > Flashcards

Week 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Weight gain during first trimester

A

Book: 2.2-4.4 lbs (1-2 kg)
ATI: 1- 4.4 lbs (0.45-2 kg)

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2
Q

Weight gain per week for 2nd and 3rd trimesters

A

1 lb (0.5 kg) per week

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3
Q

Recommendations for total weight gain: Normal BMI

A

25-35 lbs

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4
Q

Recommendations for total weight gain: Underweight clients

A

28-40 lbs

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5
Q

Recommendations for total weight gain: Overweight clients

A

15-25 lbs

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6
Q

Calories for pregnant women

A

2200 to 2900 calories a day
2nd trimester: increase 340 calories a day
3rd trimester: increase 452 calories a day

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7
Q

Protein intake

A

71 g/day
Essential to basic growth

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8
Q

Folic acid

A

Essential for fetal neurological development and neural tube defects
**Women of childbearing age: 400 mcg/day
**Pregnant women: 600 mcg/day

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9
Q

Folic acid

A

Essential for fetal neurological development and neural tube defects
**Women of childbearing age: 400 mcg/day
**Pregnant women: 600 mcg/day

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10
Q

Sources of foods high in folate

A

Leafy vegetables
Dried peas
Beans
Seeds
Orange juice

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11
Q

Iron

A

27 mg/day (times 2 for fetal development
Absorbed best between meals and when given with a source of vitamin C.

*milk and caffeine interfere with the absorption of iron supplements

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12
Q

Iron sources

A

Beef liver
Red meats
Fish
Poultry
Dried peas
Beans
Fortified cereals and breads

iron supplements may cause consipation

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13
Q

Calcium

A

For bone and teeth formation
1,000 mg/day
<19 y/o: 1,300 day

ex: milk, calcium soy milk, orange juice, nuts, legumes, and dark green veggies

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14
Q

Fluids

A

8-10 glasses (2-3L)
Limit caffeine: 200 mg/day

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15
Q

Phenylketonuria (PKU)

A

PKU levels should be monitored
-congenital condition that can affect the brain
-cause by built up of amino acids

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16
Q

Lactating mother

A

Continue a well balanced diet
Increase calories (450-500 extra calories per day)
Protein
Fluids

17
Q

Sexual development: prenatal

A

Reproductive systems are similar for the first 6 weeks
Differentiation of the external genitalia is complete at about 12 weeks

18
Q

Primary sex characteristics

A

Penis
Testes
Uterus
Ovaries

19
Q

Secondary sex characteristics

A

Breasts
Widened hips
Facial hair
Adam’s apple

20
Q

Primary amenorrhea

A

Failure to reach menarche (first period) writhing 2 years after breast development
Started after a year from mothers start age
No history of menstruation by the age of 15

21
Q

Secondary amenorrhea

A

Going 6 months without menses, but has at least one previous menstrual cycle
miss 3 cycles but established for 6 months

22
Q

Fundus

A

Where strong contractions come from
massage the fundus - always the answer

23
Q

Boggy uterus

A

Enlarged, soft, and tender uterus
Can lead to bleeding = most common cause of postpartum hemorrhage
Can be due to full bladder
Firm = good

24
Q

Where does fertilization occur?

A

Ampulla: the middle part of the fallopian tubes

25
Q

Follicular phase

A

Maturation of ovarian follicle
Occurs before the release of an egg

proliferative phase - occurs when ovum matures

26
Q

Ovulatory phase

A

Egg is release and moved into fallopian tubes
Starts around day 14 in a 28 day cycle

secretory phase: prepares to receive fertilized ovum

27
Q

Luteal phase

A

Occurs right after ovulation
Progesterone levels increase, thickening the lining of the uterus
Corpus luteum excretes estrogen progesterone making the making uterus a healthy environment for fetus

menstrual phase occurs if no fertilization

28
Q

Prolactin

A

Stimulates breasts for milk development
Secreted by the anterior pituitary
active milk production occurs in response to the infants suckling

29
Q

Quickening

A

Means when mother can feel fetal movement
Starts at 17-20 weeks
- some mothers can feel sooner

30
Q

Can hear heartbeat on Doppler

A

Weeks 9-12

31
Q

Placenta

A
32
Q

Monozygotic

A

Single ovum and sperm
Share membranes and placenta
Known as identical twins

33
Q

Dizygotic

A

Two ovaries that are fertilized by different sperm
Membranes and sacs are separate

34
Q

Trisomy

A

1 extra chromosome - 47 total
Common example: Down syndrome

35
Q

Monosomy

A

Missing chromosome
Most often incompatible with life

36
Q

Polyploidy

A

Embryo has one or more extra sets of chromosomes- 69 or 92
Usually results in early spontaneous abortion

37
Q

Common fetal defects

A

Spinal bífida
Encephalopathy

  • 400 mcg of folic acid daily before conception
38
Q

Women who are carriers of x-linked disorders

A

Affects males
Example: color blindness, hemophilia (blood does not clot properly, so a simple cut could be a problem)

Maternal And Newborn Nursing (4 decks)

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