Week 1 Flashcards
what are the 4 key functions of the skeletal system
support and locomotion
protect our vital organs
mineral homeostasis
haematopoiesis
what are the 2 broad categories of building block material in the bone matrix
organic and inorganic material
what does organic material consist of
various types of collagen, mainly types I and III
what does inorganic material consist of
hydroxyapatite crystals
what does organic material contribute to bone
collagen - provides tensile strength and flexibility to bone
what are the 3 bone cell types
osteoblasts
osteocytes
osteoclasts
what does inorganic material contribute to bone
hydroxyapatite crystals - provides hardness and rigidity to bone
osteoblasts
bone forming cells
osteocytes
bone resorbing cells
osteoclasts
mechanosensing cells that maintain bone structure
what are the 4 classifications of bone
long, short, flat, irregular
example of each classification of bone
long - femur
short - carpals
flat - sternum
irregular - vertebrae
what is the function of the epiphysis
The rounded ends of the long bone
contains spongy bone for support
contains red marrow for blood cell production
articular cartilage covers ends for shock absorption and fluid movement
what is the function of the epiphyseal plate
critical for growth
childhood damage = stunted growth + bone deformities
once growth is complete the plate closes and becomes the epiphyseal line which can be used in imaging to determine the maturation of bone
what is the function of the metaphysis
where the diaphysis and epiphysis meet
mix of compact and spongy bone
during childhood = contains epiphyseal plate
