WEEK 1

Question 1

IDENTIFY BEST PRACTICE GUIDELINES ON TECHNIQUES TO ADOPT TO PREVENT BACK INJURY

Answer 1

▪ Change the task- ask ‘Does this task need to be carried out? If so, does it have to be done this way?”.

▪ Change the subject- for example, repack a heavy load into smaller parcels.

▪ Change the workspace- for example, move furniture and/or make sure it is at optimum height to limit bending or stretching.

▪ Use mechanical aids- such as hoists, belts, and slides.
Mandatory training- inexperienced workers are more likely to be injured.

Question 2

DONNING AND DOFFING?:

Answer 2

Donning:
- HH, apron/gown, mask/respirator, eye protection, HH, gloves

Doffing:
- gloves, HH, apron/gown, HH, eye protection, HH, mask/respirator, HH

Question 3

IDENTIFY FINDINGS FROM BODY MECHANICS RESEARCH THAT NURSES MUST BE AWARE OF WHEN MOVING, TRANSFERRING, AND REPOSITIONING PATIENTS

Answer 3

▪ Lift and carry heavy loads correctly by keeping the load close to the body and lifting with the thigh muscles.

▪ Never attempt to lift or carry loads if you think they are too heavy.

▪ Pushing a load (using your body weight to assist) will be less stressful on your body than pulling a load.

▪ Use mechanical aids.
Organise the work area to reduce the amount of bending, twisting, and stretching.

Question 4

DEFINE: FOWLER’S POSITION

Answer 4

Bed-sitting position with upper part of body elevated 30-90° commencing on hips. Head rests on bed surface, arms fall at sides, legs lie flat and straight. For patient’s with difficulty breathing and for some people with heart problems.

Question 5

DEFINE: LATERAL POSITION

Answer 5

Person lies on one side of the body. Flexing the top hip and knee and placing this leg in front of the body.

Question 6

DEFINE: PRONE POSITION

Answer 6

Person lies on the abdomen with the head turned to one side. Suitable for unconscious or someone recovering from surgery of the mouth or throat

Question 7

DEFINE: SEMI-FOWLER’S POSITION

Answer 7

Person positioned on their back with the head and trunk raised to between 15 and 45 degrees, although 30 degrees is the most frequently used bed angle. Used for patients with respiratory distress.

Question 8

DEFINE: HIGH FOWLER’S POSITION

Answer 8

Person positioned on their back with the head and trunk raised to 90 degrees, sometimes with the knees flexed. Used for patients with respiratory distress.

Question 9

DEFINE: ORTHOPNOEIC POSITION

Answer 9

Person sits either in bed or on the side of the bed with an bed table across the lap. This position facilitates respiration by allowing maximum chest expansion.

Question 10

DEFINE: RECUMBENT POSITION

Answer 10

Person’s head and shoulders are slightly elevated on a small pillow. Also known as supine position. Used ofter certain surgeries or anaesthetics e.g. spinal