Week 1

Question 1

Medical Conceptualization of abnormality?

Answer 1

Abnormality is a symptom for underlying disease (genetic, brain structure), which ignores social context

Question 2

What is the existential approach to abnormality?

Answer 2

Abnormal behaviour is the response to the world with the personal authenticity, in contrast with being “normal” but conforming to societal expectations

Question 3

Normalizing/Health-based approach?

Answer 3

Define normality in contrast of abnormality

Question 4

What is the psychodynamic approach to abnormality?

Answer 4

Abnormality is a defence mechanism to avoid negativity (based on Freud theories). By encouraging patient say whatever they have in their mind (free association technique), therapist are able to reveal unconscious motives and resolve original conflicts

Question 5

What is Humanistic Psychotherapy?

Answer 5

it focuses on the present and value patient’s self-esteem and self-acceptance. The attitude toward this should be non-judgemental, warm, accepting, empathic,… (unconditional positive regard)

Question 6

What is Cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT)?

Answer 6

Cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) take into account history, current behaviour, findings from research and clinical, and cognition (thoughts, beliefs, assumptions, attitudes, expectations,…)

Question 7

What is the Behavioural approach to abnormality?

Answer 7

Viewing psychological symptoms as maladaptive behaviour pattern, in which could be learnt or unlearnt. This approach consider internal events and history unimportant.

Question 8

Schizophrenic and other psychological disorders

Answer 8

Loss of contract with reality, disturbances of thought and perception, bizarre behaviour, and negative symptoms (low motivation, lack of emotional response,..)

Question 9

Anxiety disorder

Answer 9

several disorders (in response to a particular stimulus) that might include panic attacks

Question 10

Mood disorder

Answer 10

disturbances of normal mood (from extreme to bipolar)

Question 11

Somatoform disorder

Answer 11

physical symptoms (pain or paralysis) but due to psychological effects

Question 12

Dissociative disorder (rối loạn nhân cách)

Answer 12

mental disorders that involve experiencing a disconnection and lack of continuity between thoughts, memories, surroundings, actions and identity (eg: unable to recall a traumatic experience)

Question 13

Sexual and gender identity disorder

Answer 13

sexual interests in children (paedophilia), objects (fetishism), feeling trapped in the body of a wrong gender (transsexualism), and sexual arousal disorder (eg: impotence)

Question 14

Eating disorder

Answer 14

Disturbances in eating behaviour (eg: binge eating, anorexia, bulimia nervosa)

Question 15

Sleep disorder

Answer 15

Abnormalities in amount, quality, time of sleep (insomnia) or during sleep (nightmare, sleepwalking,..)

Question 16

Impulsed control disorder

Answer 16

fail to resist an impulse, drive, or temptation like stealing for no personal gain (kleptomania) or habitual pull out one’s hair (trichollitomania)

Question 17

Personality disorder

Answer 17

rigid and unhealthy pattern of thinking, functioning and behaving (narcissistic, obsessive-compulsive,…)

Question 18

Substance-related disorder

Answer 18

Excessive use of alcohol or drugs

Question 19

Factitious disorder

Answer 19

Pretend to get sick to gain financial benefits or reduce responsibility

Question 20

Biological perspective on mental illness

Answer 20

see mental illness as a medical condition (disease that afflict people)

Question 21

Psychological perspective on mental illness

Answer 21

see mental illness with psychological conflicts (problematic thoughts, feelings, behaviours,..) not brain disease

Question 22

social cultural perspective on mental illness

Answer 22

attribute abnormality to social causes (socio-economic conditions, cultural influences, and social oppression,…)

Question 23

Psychiatrist

Answer 23

have a medical degree

Question 24

Psychologist

Answer 24

don’t have medical degree but graduate degree in psychology

Question 25

Clinical Psychologist

Answer 25

Clinical psychologists specialize in the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders by using psychological techniques and therapy approaches.

Question 26

Counseling psychologists

Answer 26

Counseling psychologists specialize in supporting and counseling people to solve their life issues.

Question 27

Psychopathology

Answer 27

abnormality is the product of dysfunctions biologically or psychologically ( societal factors don't often involve)

Question 28

Differentiate mental illness and mental disorder

Answer 28

mental illness has more biological connotation than mental disorder

Question 29

Components of mental disorder

Answer 29

1. mental mechanism dysfunction 2. harmful behaviour

Question 30

Deviance

Answer 30

Socially unacceptable behaviours

Question 31

Social oppression

Answer 31

unjust societal conditions lead to troublesome behaviours and emotions

Question 32

Statistical deviation

Answer 32

identify abnormality by statistical norm (but not always the case)

Question 33

Prevalence rate

Answer 33

the percentage of the people believed to have a specific disorder

Question 34

Incidence rate

Answer 34

number of new cases over a period of time

Question 35

common criteria for abnormality

Answer 35

- statistical deviation - violation of social norms and values - behavior that disturbs others - harmfulness to self or others - emotional suffering - misperception of reality

Question 36

If quantitative methods deal with objective theories, statistical analyses, and the relationship between variables, what do qualitative methods focus on?

Answer 36

Subjective experiences, Meaning, How people interpret social and human issues

Question 37

Which qualitative method involves using a theoretical perspective to examine a specific instance of something, with a goal to generalize to other instances?

Answer 37

Case study

Question 38

What are the strengths of case studies?

Answer 38

Rich in analytic content, providing a thorough examination of the research subjects

Question 39

Developing theories from the data collected instead of testing an established theory is the aim of which qualitative methods?

Answer 39

Grounded theory

Question 40

Which qualitative method aims to describe the “essence” of the research subject?

Answer 40

Phenomenological Analysis

Question 41

Mental illness & mental disorder

Answer 41

rooted in the abnormality-as- psychopathology perspective & both imply something wrong inside the person being diagnosed.

Question 42

How many components of mental disorder?

Answer 42

TWO. (1) a mental mechanism that fails to operate according to its naturally designed function (i.e., an internal dysfunction) (2) behavior society deems harmful that is caused by the internal dysfunction.

Question 43

Perspective during 18th & 19th centuries

Answer 43

(1) Alienists and the Development of Moral Therapy (2) Prominent Figures (3) The York Retreat (4) Critics of Moral Therapy

Question 44

What perspective differences about mental illness between biological perspective, psy perspective, sociocultural perspective?

Answer 44

(1) biological perspective: mental illnesses as medical conditions (2) psy perspective: conceptualize abnormality in psychological terms as involving problematic thoughts, feelings, and behaviors (3) sociocultural perspective: attribute abnormality to social causes; factors such as socioeconomic conditions, cultural influences, and social oppression are the root causes of people’s emotional upset.

Question 45

social oppression perspective

Answer 45

unjust societal conditions lead to troublesome behaviors and emotions

Question 46

When emotional suffering happened?

Answer 46

depressed, anxious, angry, or ambivalent is both socially deviant and often thought to imply internal pathology

Question 47

Greek and Roman Perspectives

Answer 47

founder of a scientific approach to medicine and neurology, abnormality therefore reflect an early biological perspective

Question 48

Socrates perspective

Answer 48

human passions run amok, emotional distress results