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BIO 140 > Week 1 > Flashcards

Week 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Carl Linnaeus

A

Father of taxonomy (field of naming and classifying organisms)

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2
Q

Gave every organism he described a scientific name (binomial nomenclature)

A

Carl Linnaeus

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3
Q

Binomial nomenclature

A

The scientific name of a group of organisms of the same type (e.g., homo sapiens)

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4
Q

Must be unique to one type of organism

A

Species name

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5
Q

includes the genus and the “specific epithet”

A

Species name

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6
Q

taxonomy

A

field of naming and classifying organisms

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7
Q

mnemonic for nomenclature

A
  • Domain > Kingdom > Phylum > Class > Order > Family > Genus > Species
  • Did King Phillip Come Over For Great Sex?
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8
Q

Three domains of life

A

Bacteria
Archaea
Eukarya

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9
Q

Simple single celled organisms that lack a nucleus and membrane bound organelles

A

Bacteria

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10
Q

prokaryote meaning

A

before nucleus

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11
Q

Prokaryotes

A

Bacteria and Archaea

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12
Q

Single celled prokaryotes that live in extreme conditions (thermal vents, hot springs, high salinity zones, etc.)

A

Archaea

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13
Q

no known harmful members of this domain to human life

A

archaea

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14
Q

Eukarya

A

Single-celled and multicellular organisms that have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles (this is humanity’s domain)

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15
Q

Divided into 4 kingdoms

A

Eukarya

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16
Q

4 kingdoms of Eukarya

A

Plantae
Fungi
Animalia
Protista

17
Q

Multicellular, autotrophic, cell walls of cellulose

18
Q

examples of plantae

A

Mosses, ferns, gymnosperms, and flowering plants

19
Q

Multicellular, Heterotrophic, cell walls of chitin

20
Q

Examples of fungi

A

Yeast, molds, and mushrooms

21
Q

Multicellular, Heterotrophic, no cell walls

22
Q

Motile at least part of life

23
Q

(mostly) single celled, autotrophic and heterotrophic species, some have cell walls

24
Q

examples of protista

A

Amoebas, algae, slime molds, diatoms, etc.

25
Q

If it has a nucleus but isn’t a plant, fungus, or animal

26
Q

Linnaeus classified based on

A

appearance

27
Q

Evolution

A

Change in the genetic makeup of populations of organisms over time

28
Q

Illustrated hypotheses of evolutionary relatedness among different biological groups

A

Phylogenetic tree or phylogeny

29
Q

Taxon

A

Group of biological entities

30
Q

Node

A

Common ancestor, point where two taxa meetup, representing where the two groups separated in history

31
Q

Lineage

A

Direct line of descent from an ancestor

32
Q

Which node is most recent common ancestor?

33
Q

Best way to read phylogenetic tree?

BIO 140 (7 decks)

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