Weed Science Flashcards
Dicot weeds (two cotyledons), such as dandelion and pigweed
Broadleaf weed
Monocot (one cotyledon) weeds such as bermudagrass, Johnson grass, and dallis grass
Grass weed
An environmentally friendly method of using solar power (sunlight) for controlling pests through heat and heat retention
Solarization
Monocots that look similar to grasses but have glossy leaves and a triangular stem
Sedge
A nonnative to an ecosystem where the introduction causes or can cause economic or environmental damage or human harm
Invasive species
Chemicals that kill plants or suppress their growth by interrupting normal growth processes
Herbicide
Affecting the entire body or organism, specifically a type of herbicide that enters and moves through plant tissue
Systemic herbicide
A type of herbicide that controls only the portion of the plant that it contacts
Contact herbicide
Whare are three considerations of determining if a plant is a weed?
A. Use, beauty, size at maturity
B. Value, aesthetics, whether it’s poisonous or not
C. Location, growth habit, interference
C.
Which of the following are classifications of weeds?
A. Dicots, monocots, or a sedge
B. Broadleaf, a grass or a sedge
C. Annual weeds, biennial weeds or perennial weeds
D. All of the above
D.
Give three characteristics of weeds.
Resistant to control strategies; multiple modes of reproduction; rapid maturation
What are some examples of negative impacts of weeds?
A. Hosts for pests or pathogens
B. Interfere with infrastructure
C. Allergies and toxins
D. Disrupt land use, recreation, aesthetics
E. All of the above
E.
Which of the following is NOT an important rule to follow when managing perennial weeds with cultivation?
A. Remove as much of the perennial root structure as possible from the soil.
B. Wait 1-2 weeks after perennial weeds have emerged before initiating cultivation.
C. Continue similar cultivation intervals until the weed is effectively removed.
D. If the problem does not improve treat with a residual herbicide.
D.
Reducing the amount of space between crops creating a canopy effect that reduces the amount of sunlight for weeds.
Row spacing
The oldest and most effective method of weed control
Hand weeding
Inspecting the soil, seeds, and roots before planting
Sanitation
Chemicals that kill or suppress the growth of plants
Herbicides
Mechanically disturbing the soil in order to uproot weeds
Cultivation
Killing plant growth by cutting
Mowing
Smothering or preventing light from reaching the weed seeds
Mulching
Killing pests by covering the soil with a clear plastic allowing sunlight through while trapping heat between the plastic and the soil and destroying weed seeds
Soil solarization
A herbicide that will control certain weeds but will not cause injury to a desired plant if the correct rate is applied is called a:
A. Systemic herbicide
B. Residual heribicide
C. Selective herbicide
D. Non-selective herbicide
C.
Which of the following is not true about a systemic herbicide?
A. It enters the plants and moves freely in the xylem and/or phloem of the vascular system.
B. It is better at controlling larger weeds and perennial weeds.
C. Examples are glyphosate and imazapyr.
D. It only controls the portion of the plant that the spray covers.
D.
