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Geography-Costal systems and landscapes > Weathering, mass movement,runoff and marine processes > Flashcards

Weathering, mass movement,runoff and marine processes Flashcards

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1
Q

What is geomorphology?

A

The study of land forms and processes that shape them.

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2
Q

What are geomorphological processes?

A

weathering, mass movement, erosion, transportation and deposition

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3
Q

What does sub-aerial processes mean?

A

Weathering

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4
Q

What does CASHA stand for?

A

Corrasion
Abrasion
Solution
Hydraulic action
Attrition

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5
Q

What is solution?

A

tiny, invisible dissolved particles eg. chalk and limestone

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6
Q

What is suspension?

A

small particles float along the movement of water

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7
Q

What is saltation?

A

When big stones bounce along

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8
Q

What is traction?

A

Large stones roll along

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9
Q

What are the 3 types of weathering?

A

physical, chemical, biological

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10
Q

Give 4 examples of physical weathering.

A

freeze thaw, wetting and drying, crystallization, exfoliation

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11
Q

Give 2 examples of chemical weathering.

A

Oxidation, carbonation

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12
Q

Give 2 examples of biological weathering.

A

Roots of plants, animals

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13
Q

What is hydraulic action?

A

waves break against the cliff and water forces itself into the cracks- compressing air inside. ( the sheer force of water enlarges cracks)

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14
Q

What is cavitation?

A

The opening up of cavities within cliffs due to the changes in pressure as waves crash in and out of the cracks.

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15
Q

What is abrasion?

A

The launching of rock fragments and pebbles against cliffs by waves can break off bits of rock

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16
Q

What is quarrying?

A

Destructive waves in storm conditions plunge heavy hydraulic pressure on the cliff. This can cause bits to break off and undercuts the base of the cliff.

17
Q

What is attrition?

A

The reducing of angular rock fragments into pebbles, shingle and eventually sand particles.

18
Q

What is soil creep?

A

the extremely slow movement of individual soil particles downhill

19
Q

What is mudflows?

A

when the earth and mud flows downhill (usually clay), often after heavy raining.

20
Q

What is rockfall?

A

the sudden collapse or breaking away of individual rock fragements

20
Q

What is a landslide?

A

When a block of rock rapidly moves downhill.

21
Q

What is landslip/slump?

A

Its like a landslide but its slide surface is curved rather than flat.

21
Q

What is runoff?

A

When excess of water flows down a slop or cliff while carrying sediment

Geography-Costal systems and landscapes (10 decks)

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