Weathering and Weather Processes

Question 1

What is the rock cycle?

Answer 1

The process between changes of rock types (metamorphic, sedimentary, igneous)

Question 2

What is sedimentary?

Answer 2

(of a rock) created from compressed sediments

Question 3

What is mechanical weathering?

Answer 3

Weathering created by rubbing, chaffing, or other erosion processes created by movement

Question 4

What is chemical weathering?

Answer 4

Weathering created by chemical reactions

Question 5

What is condensation?

Answer 5

The process in which gasses become a solid (usually about water vapor forming clouds)

Question 6

What is erosion?

Answer 6

The gradual diminution of something and the process of thereof

Question 7

What is meander?

Answer 7

(usually of a river or road) with multiple curves and on a winding course

Question 8

What is a meandering river?

Answer 8

A river that has multiple curves and bends in its path

Question 9

What is frost wedging?

Answer 9

A process of erosion. Water enters cracks (usually by means of precipitation), freezes, and leaves a bigger cracks. The process repeats.

Question 10

What is an oxbow lake?

Answer 10

A lake formed when the processes of erosion close off the outside edges of a meandering river to form a horseshoe-shaped lake.

Question 11

What is an aquifer?

Answer 11

An underground layer of permeable rock that can store water. Often used to extract water for wells.

Question 12

What is precipitation?

Answer 12

Part of the water cycle. When water droplets become heavy enough in clouds, they fall back down to the surface of the planet in the form of precipitation.

Question 13

Define permeable.

Answer 13

Allowing seepage; can’t retain water

Question 14

Define impermeable.

Answer 14

Allowing smaller portions of seepage; can retain water

Question 15

What is porosity?

Answer 15

Denoting something with a lot of holes. Usually allow flow. The ratio of the volume of an intrusive material to the volume of the base material

Question 16

Define clastic.

Answer 16

Of rocks formed from parts of older rocks

Question 17

What is texture?

Answer 17

The way a material is put together that forms a certain way a material feels or is shaped.

Question 18

What is an aquitard?

Answer 18

A poorly permeable layer of rock that allows flow of groundwater between aquifers

Question 19

What is root wedging?

Answer 19

A process of erosion. Roots of trees enter cracks in rocks. As the roots become thicker and longer, they break apart the rock further and further

Question 20

Define detrital.

Answer 20

The debris caused by erosion

Question 21

What is evaporation?

Answer 21

Part of the water process. When water is heated up to the point it transfers into a gas

Question 22

What is run-off?

Answer 22

The flow of excess water from rainwater, meltwater, etc

Question 23

What is a zone of aeration?

Answer 23

Where gaps in soil and rocks are filled with both water and air

Question 24

What is a water table?

Answer 24

The area between the zone of aeriation and the zone of saturation

Question 25

What is a zone of saturation?

Answer 25

Where gaps in soil and rocks are completely filled with water

Question 26

What is transpiration?

Answer 26

The process of water from plants transforming into gas form (vapor)

Question 27

What is infiltration?

Answer 27

The process in which water on the ground surface enters the soil

Question 28

What is flooding?

Answer 28

The process of something being consumed by water

Question 29

How are sedimentary rocks formed?

Answer 29

Sedimentary rocks are formed when sediment is compressed to form a rock

Question 30

What is the water cycle?

Answer 30

collection > evaporation or transpiration > condensation > precipitation > surface runoff > groundwater > percolation > collection

Question 31

What is the difference between nonpoint-source and point-source pollution?

Answer 31

Point-sources are sources of pollution that can easily be traced back to its source. Nonpoint-sources are sources of pollution that can’t be easily traced back.