Weather Hazards

Question 1

Atmospheric circulation

Answer 1

Atmospheric circulation is Earth’s large-scale air movement, driven by solar energy, forming wind systems and cells (Hadley, Ferrel, Polar) to distribute heat and shape climates.

Question 2

Degrees of the equator

Answer 2

0 degrees

Question 3

5 steps of storm formation

Answer 3

1. Warm moist air rises which leaves low pressure below. Causing warm air to move into this area and rise too.
2. The air cools and condenses into thunderstorm clouds
3. It spins clockwise in southern hemisphere and anti in northern hemisphere due to Coriolis effect
4. The addition of energy speeds up the wind pushing it to 75 mph which is category 1 storm.
   5.The storm develops an eye an area of low pressure and is relatively calm. Surrounding it is the eyewall whiich has the most intense winds and storms.

Question 4

Storm surge

Answer 4

When a tropical storm picks up lots of water and pushes it onto the coast.

Question 5

How does a storm dissipate

Answer 5

WHen they reach nearer to land as the water is their energy source.

Question 6

How do tropical storms form

Answer 6

Temperature- Must be 26-27 degrees and 50 metres deep as water needs a lot of energy to heat up.

Air pressure-Areas of unstable pressure where low and high pressures meet so that warm air rises more readily and clouds can form.

Wind speed- Winds must be present but not too strong or they will rip the storm apart

Rotation- They form only 5-30 degrees of the equator. But not on the equator due to the Coriolis effect.

Question 7

What are tropical storms called

Answer 7

Hurricane
Cyclone
Typhoon

Question 8

Tropical storm

Answer 8

A stotm that is created in the tropics

Question 9

Different types of wind

Answer 9

Trade Winds: Blow from 30° N/S to the equator, curving due to Earth’s rotation.

Westerlies: Blow from 30° N/S to 60° N/S, also curving.

Polar Easterlies: Blow from the poles to 60° N/S.

Question 10

Coriolis effect

Answer 10

The Coriolis effect makes winds curve because of Earth’s rotation. In the Northern Hemisphere, they curve right; in the Southern Hemisphere, they curve left.

Question 11

Polar cell

Answer 11

The Polar cell, the smallest atmospheric cell, spans 60° to 90° latitude. Cold air sinks at the poles, creating high pressure. It flows south, warms, rises, and cycles back.

Question 12

Ferrel Cell

Answer 12

The Ferrel cell, the middle cell, spans 30° to 60° latitude. It moves opposite to Hadley and Polar cells, like a cog. Air sinks from the Hadley cell, travels to mid-latitudes, rises near Polar cell air, and causes unsettled weather, especially in places like the UK.

Question 13

Hadley Cell

Answer 13

The Hadley cell, the largest atmospheric cell, spans the equator to 30°-40° latitude. Warm air rises at the equator, forming storms, then cools and sinks over subtropics, creating dry, warm climates where deserts are common.

Question 14

Why is the equator hot

Answer 14

Due to the curvature of the earth and the rays of sunlight concentrate on the centre where the equator is. Further from this are the poles which are the coldest places on earth.

Question 14

Draw the angle of insolation

Answer 14

Google

Question 14

Draw the structure of the cells

Answer 14

Google

Question 14

How is wind created

Answer 14

The movement of air from high to low pressure

Question 14

Draw if you can

Tropical storm structure

Answer 14

Whole system rotates. There are multiple walls of thunderstorms. Warm air rises and rotates around the eye forming the eye wall. Cool air falls into the eye keeping the eye realtively calm.

Question 14

Primary/Secondary
effects of Typhoon haiyan

Answer 14

30 000 fishing boats destroyed