Weather hazard - part 2

Question 1

What are the layers of the earth?

Answer 1

inner core, outer core, mantle and crust

Question 2

What are the two types of crust?

Answer 2

oceanic and continental

Question 3

Is oceanic crust more or less dense?

Answer 3

it is more dense than continental

Question 4

can continental crust be renewed or destroyed ?

Answer 4

it cannot

Question 5

What is convection currents?

Answer 5

Heated rock from the mantle rises and spreads out carrying the plates.

Question 6

What does subduction mean ?

Answer 6

pushed down

Question 7

What are the 4 types of plate boundaries?

Answer 7

destructive
conservative
constructive
collision

Question 8

What happens at a destructive plate boundary ?

Answer 8

Oceanic plate is subducted under the continental plate.

Question 9

does earthquakes and volcanos (fold mountains) happen at a destructive plate boundary

Answer 9

yes, both

Question 10

What is an example of fold mountains at a destructive plate boundary ?

Answer 10

The Andes fold mountains in south America.

Question 11

What direction are the plates moving in at a collision plate boundary?

Answer 11

They move towards each other

Question 12

do earthquakes happen at a collision plate boundary?

Answer 12

yes and not volcanos because no subduction causes magma to rise

Question 13

What is an example of what happens at a collision plate boundary?

Answer 13

The Himalayas mountains

Question 14

What way are the plates moving at a constructive plate boundary ?

Answer 14

Away from each other

Question 15

Do earthquakes happen at a constructive plate boundary?

Answer 15

yes, usually small

Question 16

Do volcanos form at a constructive plate boundary?

Answer 16

yes

Question 17

Under what type of crust are constructive plate boundaries usually found?

Answer 17

Oceanic. the magma rising create volcanic islands in the ridge and form new crust in the ocean.

Question 18

What is an example of a constructive plate boundary?

Answer 18

Iceland, which was formed by the north American plate and the Eurasian plate moving away from each other.

Question 19

What happens at a conservative plate boundary?

Answer 19

They slide past each other, friction builds up causing them to get stuck and pressure is built up. when the pressure is released the sudden movements cause earthquakes.

Question 20

San Andreas faults is an example of what plate boundary?

Answer 20

conservative plate boundary

Question 21

What are the two types of volcanos?

Answer 21

composite and shield volcanos

Question 22

Describe a composite volcano

Answer 22

They have steep slopes and a narrow base, this is because the lava is thick and viscous and travels short distances.

Question 23

What is a hot spot volcano?

Answer 23

Its a mantle plume which lift the crust and cracks it. when it rises it forms a volcano, the plates move sideways which forms a line of volcanos. the oldest are the most eroded.

Question 24

What is a magma chamber?

Answer 24

A large pool of underground liquid rock found beneath the surface of the earth.

Question 25

What is a crater?

Answer 25

Circular depression around a volcanic vent created after an eruption.

Question 26

List 3 impacts of earthquakes:

Answer 26

Could have: - death/injury - damaged or destroyed infrastructure - ruined crops - economic rebuild cost - destroyed homes - trapped people - transport links cut off - water spills due to split pipes

Question 27

The point at which an earthquake starts underground is known as the '.....'

Answer 27

focus

Question 28

What is directly above the focus?

Answer 28

epicentre

Question 29

'....... .....' are transmitted from the focus and release the earthquakes energy.

Answer 29

seismic waves

Question 30

What is a seismometer?

Answer 30

An instrument used to detect any sudden movements in the earths crust.

Question 31

Whare are the 2 different scales used when measuring earthquakes?

Answer 31

The richter scale and the mercalli scale

Question 32

What does the Mercalli scare measure up to and in what format?

Answer 32

Xii and in roman numerals

Question 33

What doe the richter scale measure and up to what?

Answer 33

Measures magnitude of an earthquake on a scale 1-10.

Question 34

What does a logarithmic scale mean?

Answer 34

each number is x10 more than the last number below.

Question 35

What's the difference between a deep focus earthquake and a shallow focus earthquake?

Answer 35

A deep focus earthquake happen 70-700km below the ground and spread out vertically therefore effect a smaller area where as a shallow focus earthquake happen 0-70km below the surface and spread out horizontally effecting a larger area of damage.

Question 36

What 2 countries does Nepal border?

Answer 36

china and india

Question 37

Nepal isn't well developed meaning is classed as a what kid of country?

Answer 37

Low-income developing country (LIDC)

Question 38

What was the magnitude of the Nepal earthquake the happened in 2015?

Answer 38

7.8 and a shallow focus earthquake (15km under the surface)

Question 39

What was the cause of the 2015 earthquake that happened in Nepal?

Answer 39

It was caused by the Indian plate and the Eurasian plate colliding at a collision plate boundary.

Question 40

How many people were injured in the 2015 earthquake?

Answer 40

19,009 people

Question 41

How many people were killed in the 2015 earthquake?

Answer 41

8,635 people

Question 42

What were the economic consequences to the 2015 earthquake in Nepal?

Answer 42

-180 building reduced to rubble in Kathmandu - $10 billion of damage caused - aftershocks threatened weakened buildings - historical and religious buildings were destroyed

Question 43

What are social consequences to the 2015 earthquake?

Answer 43

- homes and buildings lost - people were killed or injured - thousands of people were made homeless

Question 44

What are environmental consequences to the 2015 earthquake ?

Answer 44

- Aftershocks - landslides in the mountains

Question 45

What does the landscape of Nepal affect?

Answer 45

The mountainous landscape adds more danger due to the increased risk of landslide which cuts of connections between villages and towns and can also destroy villages located in valleys.