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Health and social (year 1) Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 5 life stages and the ages?

A

infancy 0-2 years
childhood 3-10 years
adolescence 11-19 years
adulthood 20-64 years
later adulthood 65+

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2
Q

What does holistic mean ?

A

‘the whole person’

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3
Q

Whats the definition of a milestone ?

A

Growth and development that is expected in each stage of an individuals life.

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4
Q

what does development mean?

A

The emergence increase in a sophistication skills.

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5
Q

Whats the 4 main areas of development ?

A

Physical
intellectual
emotional
social
(P.I.E.S)

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6
Q

Whats the difference in gross motor skills and fine motor skills ?

A

gross motor skills uses large muscles while fine motor skills are the use of small muscles

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7
Q

what is the physical development in which this definition explains? ‘ a framework of bones and tissues that hold the body together’

A

skeletal system

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8
Q

Changes, immune system, gross motor skills, fine motor skills, skeletal system and physical strength; are examples of what type of development ?

A

physical aspects of development

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9
Q

what are 3 things intellectual development covers ?

A

skills, memory and languages

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10
Q

What are the 4 stages of piagets theory with ages ?

A

sensorimotor (0-2 years)
pre-operational (3-7 years)
concrete operational (7-11 years)
formal operational (12+ years)

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11
Q

In what stage can mental maths be done in piagets theory?

A

formal operational

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12
Q

‘objects and events happen separately’ is in what stage of piagets theory?

A

sensorimotor

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13
Q

A child has no past memory therefore doesn’t understand the steps. Is part of what theory?

A

piagets theory

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14
Q

Talking to toys is a sign of what stage in piagets theory?

A

pre operational

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15
Q

what is the basis of kohlbergs theory ?

A

intellectual development and morals are related to each other

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16
Q

What are morals ?

A

what is morally right and wrong

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17
Q

What are the three stages of kohlbergs theory?

A

pre-conventional
coventional
post- conventional

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18
Q

What stage of kohlburgs theory is linked to reward or punishments?

A

pre- conventional

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19
Q

What is convectional morality?

A

whats right and wrong in society through laws and rules

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20
Q

In post-conventional morality, what may people start to do?

A

question or challenge the rules and laws

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21
Q

what are 3 ways people in later adulthood can stay active mentally?

A

Could have:
bingo, social groups, reading, newspaper and puzzles, charities, library, book clubs, day centres

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22
Q

what stage is the rosa parks bus movement an example of?

A

post- conventional

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23
Q

‘emotional and physical, living together dating, marriage ‘ is what kind of relationship ?

A

An intimate relationship

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24
Q

describe friendship

A

close bonds, peers; like the same things in school or work.

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25
Q

what’s a work relationship?

A

colleagues, managemnet or individuals accessing services

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26
Q

’ control over you own life and a type of independence with making choices and self care’ is the definition to what key word ?

A

Autonomy

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27
Q

what is self concept?

A

how you see yourself in a positive and negative way

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28
Q

What is self esteem?

A

opinion of yourself

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29
Q

what is self confidence?

A

to trust or believe in yourself enough to make decisions

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30
Q

What the difference between primary and secondary socialisation?

A

primary is the influence of people close to the child where as secondary is the wider influences within society

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31
Q

what are the 6 stages of play?

A

unoccupied, solitary, onlooker, parallel, associate and cooperative

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32
Q

what is unoccupied play ?

A

moving arms and feet with out playing with others (automatic movement) -birth to 3 months

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33
Q

What is solitary play ?

A

Playing alone but with toys - 3 months to 2 years

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34
Q

what type of play is it when a child watches other children play ?

A

onlooker play - 2 and a half years to 3 and a half years

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35
Q

What happened when a chid is showing signs of parallel play ?

A

Play next to each other but do not interact - 2 to 3 years

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36
Q

What happens during associate play?

A

Children that play together but have different ideas and goals (3-5 years)

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37
Q

Children who play together towards a common goal is what type of play?

A

cooperative play (4-6 years.)

38
Q

What 2 theorist are linked to attachment?

A

Bowlby and Ainsworth

39
Q

what is john Bowlby’s theory?

A

how love and affection is essential to a positive emotional and social development

40
Q

‘consistent love and affection which makes us feel secure; as sense of security. it supports positive self concept, self esteem and self confidence which can increase the likeliness pf positive, healthy relationships in adulthood’ is a definition of what form of attachment?

A

secure attachment

41
Q

define an insecure attachment

A

can be linked to inconsistent love and affection as well as abuse and neglect. can causes insecurity, low self esteem and low self confidence, may increase risk of unhealthy relationships on adulthood

42
Q

What was the assessment Ainsworth did to observe attachment?

A

it called the stranger situation - a mother leaves the room while a stranger is present and then left the child in the room by themselves.

43
Q

what are the 2 types of insecure attachment ?

A

avoidance and ambivalent

44
Q

what is am avoidance attachment?

A

when they do not go to their caregiver for security as they do not expect their needs to be meet

45
Q

Define the ambivalent attachment

A

when they become clingy and then they reject their caregiver- love and affection is inconsistent

46
Q

what is a life factor?

A

things that happen within a lifetime

47
Q

What is a lifestyle choice?

A

the way we choose to live our lives

48
Q

What are life events?

A

specific events within our lifetime (e.g. marriage or divorce)

49
Q

What is a living environment?

A

home and the environment

50
Q

What does it mean to be employed vs unemployed ?

A

Employed means to be paid to work and unemployed means not having or being able to get job.

51
Q

Does skilled work require specialist training and qualifications?

A

yes

52
Q

Does semi-skilled work requires some level of specialist training and qualifications?

A

yes

53
Q

Does unskilled work require any training or qualifications?

A

no

54
Q

What is low income?

A

A small amount of money being earnt.

55
Q

What are benefits?

A

money given to you for a specific reason

56
Q

What is debt?

A

owing people money.

57
Q

What is poverty?

A

Unable to meet basic needs.

58
Q

Immunisations

A

Vaccines given to prevent diseases

59
Q

Screening programmes

A

check for signs of risk to growth and development

60
Q

Eye tests

A

Identify need for glasses and also diabetes and high blood pressure.

61
Q

Dental services

A

Maintain good oral health and prevent tooth decay and avoid gum disease.

62
Q

Early years services

A

Children day care, childminders, holiday play and youth schemes

63
Q

Community support groups

A

Online or in person (mental health , refugee, family and relationship problems, addiction, death, lonely and crime)

64
Q

Youth services

A

voluntary basis (youth clubs, activities, digital learning, career support and advice)

65
Q

Day centres

A

For rough sleepers, older people and disabled adults. Access to food, clean clothes and washing facilities.

66
Q

What does ‘deprived’ mean?

A

to be without/ lack of

67
Q

’ child immunisations and dental services support heath …..’

A

Growth

68
Q

‘activities provided by early year services and youth groups to provide support in all aspects of ………..’

A

Development

69
Q

‘…… screening programmes and regular eye tests can reduce the risk by detecting signs of diseases’

A

Health

70
Q

What are the 8 types of families?

A

nuclear, extended, single parent, step family, foster, adopted, same-sex, childless.

71
Q

What does it mean to have neglectful/uninvolved parents?

A

a style characterized by a lack of responsiveness to a child’s needs

72
Q

What is authoritative parenting style?

A

the parents are nurturing, responsible and supportive, yet set firm limits.

73
Q

What is the authoritarian parenting style?

A

a strict style of parenting the places high expectations on a child.

74
Q

What is indulgent/permissive parenting?

A

mostly let their children do what they want, and offer limited guidance or direction

75
Q

What are the 6 kinds of abuse?

A

emotional, physical, sexual, verbal, coercive (control), financial

76
Q

What is the difference between culture an race + ethnicity?

A

culture is about beliefs and tradition while race and ethnicity is to do with skin colour, nationality and geographical region

77
Q

What does it mean to discriminate against someone?

A

To treat someone as less because of appearance or background.

78
Q

What is identity?

A

who you are, the way you think about yourself, the way you are viewed by the world and characteristics.

78
Q

What was burkes theory of personal relationships?

A

He believed that identity is not just about how we see ourselves but how we are viewed in society. we shape our identity based on how others treat us and interact with us as individuals.

79
Q

What diagram is commonly used to represent a balanced diet?

A

The eatwell plate

80
Q

What can influence or food choices?

A

role models
health
beliefs,values and religion
family/carer
social media
peer pressure

81
Q

What is binge drinking?

A

the consumption of an excessive amount of alcohol in a short period

82
Q

What is the recommended amount of units for a man and woman per week?

A

man - 21 units
woman - 14 units

83
Q

What is alcohol abuse?

A

the habitual excessive use of alcohol

84
Q

What is alcohol dependence?

A

a chronic disease in which a person craves drinks that contain alcohol and is unable to control their drinking

85
Q

What is drug misuse?

A

The use of illegal drugs and the inappropriate use of legal substance such as alcohol and tobacco

86
Q

What is the difference between class A and class c?

A

Class A drugs are treated as the most dangerous and include cocaine and heroin while class C drugs are anabloic sterois and minor tranquilisers

87
Q

What are the new laws on disposable vapes?

A

There will be a ban of sale of sigle-use vapes from 1st june 2025

88
Q

What is a negative impact on health when drinking

A

It can cause high blood pressure, increase risk of heart attacks or strokes.

89
Q

What can influence the choice of smoking and drugs?

A

Family/carer
peer pressure
poverty
health
access
changes

90
Q

What is a life event?

A

A significant experience that takes place in a individuals life

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