Weather

Question 1

Which document(s) contain information regarding operations during ground icing 
conditions?

a. FOM Section 7
b. Op Spec A041
c. CFM
d. All the above

Answer 1

Which document(s) contain information regarding operations during ground icing 
conditions?

d. All the above

Question 2

As part of the post de-icing inspection, the crew must verify that which of the following
items are free of frozen contaminants?
a. Aircraft critical surfaces, engine inlets and inlet protection devices.
b. All pitot/static ports, main and nose gear wells
c. Cabin/baggage doors, and verify flight control unrestricted full range of
movement.
d. All are correct.
Source: FOM

Answer 2

a. Aircraft critical surfaces, engine inlets and inlet protection devices.
b. All pitot/static ports, main and nose gear wells
c. Cabin/baggage doors, and verify flight control unrestricted full range of
movement.
d. All are correct.

Source: FOM 7.3.7

Question 3

A Pre-Takeoff Contamination Check will be conducted when…

a. operations are conducted with visibility less than 2 SM.
b. ground icing conditions exist, and hold over time has been exceeded.
c. ground icing conditions exist, and you have used a Type IV anti-ice fluid.
d. ground icing conditions exist. 14 CFR 135.227, Ops Spec A041, FOM section 7

Source: FOM, Ops Specs, FAR Part 135

Answer 3

d. ground icing conditions exist. 14 CFR 135.227, Ops Spec A041, FOM section 7

Source: FOM, Ops Specs, FAR Part 135

Question 4

When conducting operations in ground icing conditions, holdover timetables are only
required to be referenced if using a Type IV anti-ice solution.

a. True
b. False

Answer 4

b. False

Source: FOM 7.3.9

Question 5

.A tactile pre-takeoff contamination check will be conducted…

a. during preflight when ground icing conditions exist.
b. after deicing and/or anti-icing.
c. before takeoff with freezing drizzle or light freezing rain.
d. before takeoff when the crew is unable to determine that aircraft surfaces are
free from contamination using a visual check.
e. All the above.

Answer 5

e. All the above.

Source: FOM 7.3.11

Question 6

You have determined that a Pre-Takeoff Contamination Check must be conducted.
When must the check be completed?

a. Any time before takeoff.
b. Within 10 minutes prior to takeoff.
c. Prior to taxi.
d. Within 5 minutes prior to takeoff.

Answer 6

d. Within 5 minutes prior to takeoff.

Source: FOM 7.3.7.2

Question 7

The preferred fluids for anti-icing are…

a. Type I and IV
b. Type II and IV
c. Type I, II, and IV
d. Type I, II, III and IV

Answer 7

b. Type II and IV

Source: FOM 7.3.6.3

Question 8

What can be said about de-ice/anti-ice fluids?
a. De-icing fluids are used to remove frozen contaminants from aircraft critical
surfaces.
b. Anti-icing fluids should be applied in a uniform layer and in sufficient quantity
until it starts to flow off the aircraft surfaces.
c. The preferred fluids for anti-icing are Type II and IV.
d. All the above statements are true.

Answer 8

d. All the above statements are true.

Source: FOM 7.3.6.3

Question 9

We are prohibited from departing during ground icing conditions, if our holdover time
(HOT) has been exceeded.

a. True
b. False

Answer 9

b. False

Source: FOM 7.3.9

Question 10

When does holdover time begin?

a. At the end of the final application of de-ice/anti-ice fluid.
b. At the beginning of the first application of de-ice/anti-ice fluid.
c. At the beginning of the final application of de-ice/anti-ice fluid.
d. None of the above.

Answer 10

c. At the beginning of the final application of de-ice/anti-ice fluid.

Source: FOM 7.3.6.3

Question 11

It is acceptable to polish frost smooth using something such as a rag or paper prior to
departure.

a. True
b. False

Answer 11

b. False

Source: FOM 7.3.6.6

Question 12

A runway that is grooved or has porous friction overlay is considered to be dry, even
when it is well soaked and there is sufficient moisture on the runway surface to cause it
to appear reflective.

a. True
b. False

Answer 12

b. False

Source: FOM 7.5.1

Question 13

A runway with more than 25 percent of the runway surface area within the required
length and width being used covered by standing water is considered to be…

a. Dry
b. Wet
c. Contaminated
d. Unusable

Answer 13

c. Contaminated

Source: FOM 7.5.1

Question 14

For preflight planning calculations a runway may be considered effectively dry if…

a. the runway is grooved or treated with a porous pavement and the weather at
the planned time of arrival indicates less than moderate rain.
b. the runway is well soaked but without significant areas of standing water.
c. more than 25 percent of the runway surface area is covered by standing water.
d. there is no forecast for rain.

Answer 14

For preflight planning calculations a runway may be considered effectively dry if…

a. the runway is grooved or treated with a porous pavement and the weather at
the planned time of arrival indicates less than moderate rain.

Source: FOM 7.5.1

Question 15

A runway is contaminated when more than ____% of the runway surface area
(whether insolated areas or not) within the required length and width being used is
covered by standing water, snow (dry or wet), loose snow, compacted snow, slush or ice
(including wet ice). Refer to aircraft AFM for qualifying depths of contaminate types.
a. 50
b. 25
c. 10
d. 35

Answer 15

b. 25

Source: FOM 7.5.1

Question 16

Runway Condition definitions in the FOM are not intended to, and will not be
used to, supersede any applicable aircraft AFM information or limitation.

a. True
b. False

Answer 16

a. True

Source: FOM 7.5

Question 17

During ground operations conducive to the formation of ice on the aircraft,
which of the following statements is true?

a. The aircraft must be free of all frozen contaminants adhering to the wings,
control surfaces, engine inlets, or other critical surfaces before takeoff.
b. Always increase rotation speeds to account for the increase in stall speed with
ice on the wings.
c. Always make sure that there is approximately the same amount of ice on each
wing.
d. Make sure to move the controls forcefully during taxi to break loose any ice that
might be binding them.

Answer 17

a. The aircraft must be free of all frozen contaminants adhering to the wings,
control surfaces, engine inlets, or other critical surfaces before takeoff.

Source: FOM 7.3.1

Question 18

Regardless of the “Holdover Times,” a pre-takeoff contamination check must be
accomplished within _________ before takeoff in ground-icing conditions.

a. 10 minutes
b. Just before
c. 5 minutes
d. 2 minutes

Answer 18

c. 5 minutes

Source: FOM 7.3.7.2

Question 19

You are given a braking action report of “NIL” from a G-IV that landed just prior
to starting your approach. Upon receiving that report you must…

a. Not takeoff or land on a runway that is reporting “nil” breaking action from a
reliable and timely breaking action report.
b. Exercise extreme caution upon touchdown.
c. Avoid using the brakes, as they will be ineffective.
d. Ensure that you’re using the longest available runway.

Answer 19

a. Not takeoff or land on a runway that is reporting “nil” breaking action from a
reliable and timely breaking action report.

Source: FOM 7.6.1

Question 20

Which of the following is true regarding anti-icing holdover time (HOT)?

a. Holdover times are revised every year and are located on EFBs and/or the
Aircrew Portal.
b. Crew members may reference the Holdover Calculator application by Kilo Lima
Management via their Company iPhone.
c. HOT’s are advisory only. A pre-takeoff contamination check must be
accomplished within 5 minutes of takeoff whenever operating in ground icing
conditions.
d. All are true.

Answer 20

d. All are true.

Source: FOM7.3.9

Question 21

Which of the following is true about thunderstorms?

a. If thunderstorm activity is forecast along the route of flight, the thunderstorm
detection equipment must be operational.
b. The aircraft should never be flown closer than 5 miles to any visible storm cloud
with overhanging areas because of the possibility of encountering hail.
c. While enroute, crewmembers will avoid suspected “severe” storm cells by at
least 20 miles, and it is recommended that all thunderstorms will be avoided by a
minimum of 10 miles.
d. All are true.

Answer 21

d. All are true.

Source: FOM 7.4.2

Question 22

Freezing rain is particularly dangerous and indicates the real potential for severe
icing because…

a. The typical raindrop is 100 times larger than a typical cloud droplet.
b. The typical raindrop is the same size of the cloud droplet encountered if
experiencing rime ice.
c. Freezing rain is only dangerous if you have the flaps extended as if approaching
to land.
d. Hail is likely to be present.

Answer 22

a. The typical raindrop is 100 times larger than a typical cloud droplet.

Source: Aviation Weather FAA Advisory Circular 18.3.4

Question 23

This type of fog is commonly found along the western coast of the United States.
It requires a light wind for its formation.

a. Radiation fog.
b. Advection fog.
c. Upslope fog.
d. Precipitation fog.

Answer 23

b. Advection fog.

Source: Aviation Weather FAA Advisory Circular 18.1.1.1.2

Question 24

What type of fog occurs when an air mass passes over an area of gradually
increasing elevation?

a. Advection fog
b. Radiation Fog
c. Upslope Fog
d. Precipitation Fog

Answer 24

c. Upslope Fog

Source: Aviation Weather FAA Advisory Circular 16.1.1.1.3

Question 25

What stage of a thunderstorm would crews most likely encounter hail, heavy
rain, frequent lightning, strong winds, and tornadoes?

a. Dissipating stage
b. Cumulus stage
c. Mature stage
d. Developing Stage

Answer 25

c. Mature stage

Source: Aviation Weather FAA Advisory Circular

Question 26

Shower and thunderstorm cells sometimes produce intense downdrafts called
downbursts that create strong, often damaging winds. Downbursts can create
hazardous conditions for pilots and have been responsible for many low-level wind
shear accidents. Smaller, shorter-lived downbursts are called microbursts.

a. True
b. False

Answer 26

a. True

Source: Aviation Weather FAA Advisory Circular 19.6.3

Question 27

Clear Air Turbulence (CAT) is a higher altitude (~20,000 to 50,000 feet)
turbulence phenomenon occurring in cloud-free regions associated with wind shear,
particularly between the core of a jet stream and the surrounding air.

a. True
b. False

Answer 27

a. True

Source: Aviation Weather FAA Advisory Circular 17.2.3.2

Question 28

Fronts do not exist only at the surface of the Earth; they have a vertical structure
in which the front slopes over the colder (denser) air mass.

a. True
b. False

Answer 28

a. True

Source: Aviation Weather FAA Advisory Circular 10.2

Question 29

METAR KCLE 311751Z 27011G20KT 1SM SN OVC002 -01/-03 A2992. What is the
intensity of the snowfall according to the Holdover Tables?

a. Very Light
b. Light
c. Moderate
d. Heavy
Source: Holdover Time Guidelines

Answer 29

c. Moderate

Source: Holdover Time Guidelines

Question 30

How far do we deviate for Thunderstorms?

Answer 30

5 NM from overhangs and 20 NM from severe Thunderstorms.