WBCs/ Leukocytes Flashcards
Granulocytes in the body
Basophils
Eosinophils
Neutrophils
Increases when you have Parasitic infestation
Eosinophils
First to arrive at the site of invasion
Neutrophils
Lifespan of Neutrophils
6-10 hours to few days (5.4 days)
Important in controlling your allergic inflammatory response
Eosinophils
Contain a protein that is highly toxic to large parasitic worms
Eosinophils
When they die, their activity and death in large numbers, form pus
Neutrophils
Fatty signaling molecules that are first found in leukocytes
Leukotrienes
Trigger contractions in the smooth muscles lining the trachea; their overproduction is a major cause of inflammation in asthma and allergic rhinitis
Leukotriene D4
Involve also in hypersensitivity response
Eosinophils
a monoamine neurotransmitter, thought to be a contributor to feelings of well-being and happiness
Serotonin
an organic nitrogen compound involved in local immune responses as well as regulating physiological function in the gut and acting as a neurotransmitter
Histamine
Lifespan of Eosinophils
8 to 12 days
Releases histamine, bradykinin, serotonin, leukotrienes in acute hypersensitivity reaction
Basophils
increases the permeability of the capillaries to white blood cells and some proteins, to allow them to engage pathogens in the infected tissues
Histamine
a peptide that causes blood vessels to dilate (enlarge), and therefore causes blood pressure to lower
Bradykinin
Controls the release of serotonin & histamine
Eosinophils
Mature forms of blood monocytes
Macrophage
Kidney shaped that mature into macrophages when in the body tissues
Monocytes
General scavenger cells of the body
Macrophage
Overproduction of these molecules is a major cause of inflammation in asthma and allergic rhinitis
Leukotrienes
One important role of these cells is the removal of necrotic cellular debris in the lungs
Macrophage
Share the “vacuum cleaner” (phagocytosis) function of neutrophils, but are much longer lived as they have an extra role
Monocytes
Responsible for cell-mediated immunity
T cells
Make antibodies that can bind to pathogens, block pathogen invasion, activate the complement system, and enhance pathogen destruction
B cells
Large granular lymphocytes
NK cells
Main function is to process antigen material and present it on the cell surface to the T cells of the immune system
Dendritic cells
Can be stimulated to degranulate by direct injury, cross-linking of Immunoglobulin E (IgE) receptors, or by activated complement proteins.
Mast Cells
Regulatory proteins that are produced during all phases of an immune response
Cytokines
Essential for humoral immunity
B cells
Primary cell of the immune system that represents 25 – 35% of blood leukocytes
Lymphocytes
Contains many granules rich in histamine and heparin
Mast cells
Group of cytokines that protect neighboring cells from invasion by intracellular parasites, including viruses, rickettsia, malarial parasites and other organisms
Interferons
Mediate chemoattraction (chemotaxis) between cells
Chemokines
Group of genes responsible for the recognition of self from non-self
MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX
3 Major Types:
MHC 1/ HLA
MHC2
MHC 1 &2
Also known as accessory cells
Dendritic cells
Group of cytokines that are mediator of the inflammatory response
Interleukin 1/ IL 1
Nonspecific effector cells that can kill tumor and virus infected cells
that do not need to recognize a specific antigen before being activated
NK cells
Group of cytokines that are necessary for the proliferation and function of helper T, cytotoxic T, B cells, and NK cells
Interleukin 2
Factors that support the growth of cells in semisolid media
Colony stimulating factors
NK cells are activated in response to a family of cytokines called?
Interferons
These are cells that are present in those tissues that are in contact with the external environment, such as the skin
Dendritic Cells
