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WBC's Lake Flashcards

1
Q

WBC have what 2 functions

A
  1. destroy invaders and abnormal cells

2. clean debris (eg injury repair)

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2
Q

Myelocytic maturation series

A

myeloblast -> promyelocyte -> myelocyte -> metamyelocyte -> band neutrophil -> segmented neutrophil (B12 and Folate deficiency)

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3
Q

GM-CSF

A

granulocytes: BEN
Monocytes
Cell Stimulating Factor

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4
Q

G-CSF

A

Neutrophils stimulation and also cell proliferation and differentiation and maturation

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5
Q

where does the reticulocyte mature?

A

in the stroma

loses RNA before entering BVs as RBC

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6
Q

what part of the megakaryocyte becomes platelets?

A

cytoplasm

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7
Q

Nuclear altered cell morphology

A

pelger-huet (hyposegmentation of neutrophils)

hypersegmentation

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8
Q

cytoplasmic altered cell morphology DUE TO SEVERE BACTERIAL INFECTION

A

gaucher
niemann-pick
toxic granulation
dohle bodies = may-heglin blue inclusion

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9
Q

cytoplasmic altered cell morphology

A 
alder-reilly
chediak-higashi (elf ppl)
may hegglin
mucopolysacchridoses
necrobiosis
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10
Q

increase in banded neutrophils

A

Left Shift

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11
Q

Pelger-huet is an example of ___segmentation of neutrophils

A

hypo

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12
Q

large, coarse, purple, azurophilic granules are found in ___-____ anomaly

A

Alder-Reilly

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13
Q

6 types of morphologic changes in WBC

A 
left shift
hypersegmentation
hyposegmentation
toxic granulation
vacuolization
dohle bodies
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14
Q

normal amt of PMNs and what are PMNs?

A

50-70%

segmented neutrophils

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15
Q

2nd most leukocytes?

A

lymphocytes: 20-40%

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16
Q

normal amt of WBC in CBC

A

4-12,000 cells/uL

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17
Q

coulter principle uses what to measures what?

A

uses electrical impedance: resistance/change in current-NaCl soln

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18
Q

Flow Cytometry uses what to measure what?

A

uses lasers: measures forward scatter-size, side scatter-complexity/granularity (how full is it?)

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19
Q

hypersegmentation occurs in what situations?

A

megaloblastic, B12/Folate/Iron deficiency

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20
Q

more than 3 cells with 5 lobes OR 1 cell with 6 lobes/100 cells = ___segmentation also known as ___ ___

A

hypersegmentation = right shift

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21
Q

Hyposegmentation: how many lobes and nucleus is what?

A
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22
Q
  • Sepsis
  • impaired cytoplasmic maturation
  • high basophilic granules in neutrophils
A

Toxic Granulation

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23
Q

neutrophil cytoplasm filled with ____ = aid in Dx of Septicemia

A

vacuolization

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24
Q

systemic disease caused by multiplying microorganisms in systemic blood “blood poisoning” = ??

A

Septicemia

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25
quantitative = MACRO changes = change in cell ____ both __ and __
Number - absolute - relative %
26
Qualitative = MICRO changes = change in cell ___ both __ and __
Morphology - nucleus - cytoplasm
27
Penia & Philia think:
quantitative
28
Congenital and Acquired think:
Fxn Disorders = qualitative
29
WBC disorder pathophysiology effects (3)
- demargination (double #) - Release early from BM (left shfit) - Increased production (neutrophilia)
30
what causes WBC pathophysiology
- stress (pseudoneutrophilia) - acute inflammation - chronic infection
31
If you see Left Shift Think:
Acute inflammation
32
Neutrophilia defining features
- left shift | - Toxic Granules (dohle, vacuoles, intra-cellular microbes)
33
Rough endoplasmic reticulum containing RNA = ? | ***represent localized failure of maturation
Dohle bodies
34
Dohle bodies found in what situations?
``` infection (bacteria/parasite) poisoning burns chemotherapy neoplastic disease myeloproliferative Ds preggo ```
35
physical stimuli -> neutrophilia
cold/heat/exercise, pain, period, ovulate, labor/preggo, trauma/gout/infarcts, nausea, vomit, smoking
36
emotional stimuli -> neutrophilia
fear/panic elation/joy/excited anger/depressed/anxious
37
Rx -> neutrophilia
epinephrine steroids lithium (depression) venom/poison/toxin
38
metabolic -> neutrophilia
ketoacidosis uremia eclampsia (preg HTN) thyrotoxicosis
39
which race = neutropenia?
african & middle eastern
40
Rx -> neutropenia
BM ablative therapy
41
Infection -> neutropenia
HIV/Hep Typhoid/TB malaria
42
Autoimmune Ds -> neutropenia
SLE
43
BM failure (anemia types)-> neutropenia
megaloblastic and aplastic anemia
44
Neutropenia pathophysiology = decreased what?
- proliferation (aplasia) - maturation (precursor prob) - survival (destruction/removal too fast) - distribution (normal stores, can't transport)
45
circulating T cell ratio of Th to Tc
2:1 = CD4:CD8
46
viral and bacterial causes of lymphocytosis are???
viral: infectious mono & CMV Bacterial: bordatella pertussis
47
meds -> lymphocytosis
dilantin and Rx
48
neoplasm -> lymphocytosis
leukemia | lymphoma
49
lymphopenia: low production
- SCID - Protein-calorie malnutrition - Zinc defic
50
lymphopenia: high destruction
HIV Radiation Chemo SLE
51
Lymphopenia; redistribution
``` glucocorticoids anesthesia TB Flu Burns hemolytic anemias ```
52
2 heme Ds that -> monocytosis
leukemia | lymphoma
53
2 infections that -> monocytosis
TB | SBE
54
FUO GI Ds Collagen Vascular Ds make you think of???
Monocytosis
55
eosinophilia seen in?
- acute allergies (rhinitis/asthma) - parasite - TB - Skin Ds (eczema/psoriasis) - neoplasm - Autimmune Ds
56
Basophilia seen in?
- CML: chronic myelogenous leukemia - PV: polycythemia vera - Allergies - inflammatory Ds: hypersensitivity to Rx, food, inhalants - Irradiation and Carcinomas - Viral infxn
57
>12,000/uL white cells
leukocytosis
58
Leukopenia
59
> immature neutrophils (banded neutrophils)
Left Shift
60
metamyelocytes and myelocytes are forms of Immature ____ cells
Neutrophils
61
neoplastic process
leukemia/lymphoma | ***DIFFERENT from leukocytosis
62
bacterial infection think:
neutrophilia
63
allergies/parasites/TB think:
Eosinophilia
64
Viral infections think:
NeutroPENIA | Lymphocytosis

heme (6 decks)

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