wbc non neoplastic disorders Flashcards
actual count of a specific type of WBC
absolute count
number of specific type of WBC in relation to total WBC count
relative count
increased cell count suffix
-philia, -cytosis
decreased number of cells suffix
-penia
WBC diff count reference range (number)
3.6-10.6 x 10^9/L
relative count and absolute count for neutrophils
rc: 50-70%
absolute ct: 1.7-7.5 x 10^9/L
relative count and absolute count for eosinophils
rc: 1-3%
absolute ct: 0-0.3 x 10^9/L
relative count and absolute count for lymphocytes
rc: 18-42%
absolute ct: 1.0-3.2 x 10^9/L
relative count and absolute count for monocytes
rc: 2-11%
absolute ct: 0.1-1.3 x 10^9/L
relative count and absolute count for basophils
rc: 0-2%
absolute ct: 0-0.2 x 10^9/L
high count of neutrophils may indicate?
- bacterial infxns
- stress
- burns
- inflammation
high count of eosinophils may indicate?
- allergies
- parasitic infxn
- autoimmune diseases
high count of lymphocytes may indicate?
- viral infections
- leukemias
- infectious mononucleosis
high count of monocytes may indicate?
- viral/fungal infections
- tuberculosis
- other leukemias and chronic disease
high count of basophils may indicate?
- allergic rxns
- leukemias
- cancers
- hypothyroidism
low count neutrophils
- radiation exposure
- drug toxicity
- vitamin B12
- systemic lupus erythematosus
low count lymphocyte
- prolonged illness (HIV)
- immunosuppression
- treatment with cortisol
low count monocytes
- bone marrow suppression
- treatment with cortisol
low count eosinophils
- drug toxicity
- stress
- allergic reactions
low count basophils
- pregnancy
- ovulation
- stress
- hypothyroidism
decrease in the count of total WBC count (<4 x 10^9/L)
leukopenia
two classifications of proliferative quantitative WBC disorders (> 11 x 10^9/L)
- neoplastic (malignant)
- reactive (physiologic, pathologic)
two neutrophil compartments
- mitotic compartment
- maturation compartment
cells in mitotic compartment (neutrophils)
- myeloblast
- myelocyte
- promyelocyte
cells in maturation compartment (not capable of mitosis)
- metamyelocyte
- band neutrophils
- segmented neutrophils
maturation compartmet is further divided into two compartments
- circulating compartment
- marginating compartment (immediate source, undergoes diapedesis)
this happens when neutrophils migrate from the blood vessels going to the tissue where the inflammation/infxn happens
neutrophil extravasation (diapedesis)
neutrophil functions (3)
- phagocytosis of foreign material
- generation of neutrophil extracellular traps
- secretor function in relation to release of granules (cytotoxic enzymes, chemicals for degradation)
neutrophilia important values
- leukocytosis 15-30 x 10^9/L
- 70% neutrophils
- adults >7.0 x 10^9/L
- children >8.5 x 10^9/L
causes of neutrophilia
- catecholamine-induced shift from marginating pool –> circulating pool
- increased bone marrow production of neutrophils (left shift –> presence of immature neutrophils)
- transfer from bone marrow storage pool –> circulating pool
true neutrophilia = related to infxns