WBC Flashcards
- You get a cold and then you form antibodies
This is an example of what type of immunity
specific
macrophages
and acid base balance are an example of
non specific immunity
Granulocytes
cytoplasm have granules/vesicles in them) are neutrophils, basophils and eosinophils
megakaryocytes and platelets come form what lineage
muelocytic
get granulocytes from here as well
macrophages/monocytes come from
iii. Monocytic lineage
Lymphocytes and monocytes are considered agranular b/c
in the microscope their cytoplasm looks clear
three factors important in WBC
Leukocyte number (WBC#)
Differential counts (by percentage) will tel you what kind of infex usually by % but you can get absolute count
Morphology
Granulocytes and monocytes formed in
Granulocytes and monocytes formed in marrow only
Majority of lymphocytes formed and matured where?
stored where?
Majority of lymphocytes formed and matured in lymphoid tissues
Significant storage in marrow and lymphoid organs
how long do white cells stay in the blood stream
1:1000 compared to RBC
usually sped 4-8hrs in the blood before entering peripheral tissues to conduct immune surveillance
monocytes vs macrophages
monocytes in blood
macrophages in peripheral tissues
lymphocytes movement in blood
move back and forth between tissues and blood throughout lifespan
other names for neutrophils
polymorph PMN
because of the lobulated single nucleus that can take on many different shapes
granulocytes with vesicles that can be viewed with granularity
where do neutrophils get their name
granulocytes with vesicles that can be viewed with granularity
prefer neutral dyes
how do neutrophils enter tissues
diapedesis (first binding and attaching to endothelial layer and then by sequential process extruding themselves through the endothelial lining into a tissue)
Chemotaxis refers to movement towards
movement of a cell up a chemical gradient toward its source
Cell that is drawn towards some sort of chemical signal
chemokines”, “lymphokines”, “cytokines”
many driving forces of chemotaxis are of this family
iii. Many are of the interleukin family
aspects of targets that predispose phagocytsis (3)
Smooth surfaces can be compelling
Protein coats on a virus or bacterial cell surface can induce phagocytosis
Initiation of Complement cascade
what is usually the result of phagocytosis
b. Destruction of target inside by lysosomal enzymes/molecules SOMETIMES
but sometimes target is just sequestered
Cytoplasm is generally very clear; it is an agranular leukocyte; they are big cells and tend to be characterized by presence of kidney bean shaped nucleus
Monocytes
Reticuloendothelial lineage is what
another name for mylocytis lineage that gives us monocytic lineage
another name for monocytes
histocytes
lifespan of monocytes
400:1
number of monocytes in tissue via bllood
100 day life span iN THE TISSUES
not in blood (that’s hours)
inflammation is specific or non specific
Reticuloendothelial lineage
dilution factor of inflammation refers to
Fluid that is going to dilute offending organisms or pathogens and provides healthy amount of white cells
why do infections become acidic
monocytes do better at lower ph
four cardinal signs of pain
what is the fifth sign
i. Calor - heat
ii. Dolor - pain
iii. Rubor - redness
iv. Tumor - swelling
loss of function
process by which WBC leaves the bloodstream
i. Diapedesis
Initial part is where the white cell is activated, it puts receptors on its surface so it can bind to adhesion molecules on the BV wall which will cause the white cell to stick.
When it comes to content, it will bounce along or roll along the wall since moving at such a great speed. Once it does come to a stop, the white cell will squeeze through the BV well and move to source of cytokines.
