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WBC 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Which chromosomal abnormality is a good prognosticc indicator in ALL?

A

t(12;21)

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2
Q

Most important differentiating criterion for chronic vs acute leukemias:

A

Number of blast cells

Elevated (>20) in acute
Decreased in chronic

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3
Q

(+) tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)

A

Hairy cell leukemia

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4
Q

Manifestation as an ADULT or presence of Philadelphia chromosome is a POOR prognostic indicator of what?

A

ALL

Philadelphia chromosome is usually associated with CML

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5
Q

CNS + testicular enlargement is a manifestation of:

A

ALL

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6
Q

AML classification with inv(16) as chromosome abnormality

A

M4

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7
Q

AML classification with hypergranular promyelocytes

A

M3

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8
Q

Massive splenomegaly and splenic rupture most associated with this leukemia

A

Hairy cell leukemia

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9
Q

4 y/o patient with ALL is positive for which?

PAS
CD5
Myeloperoxidase
or Auer rods

A

The answer is PAS

CD5 is only positive in Pre-T ALL. The patient has Pre-B ALL (4 year old patient!!!)

Myeloperoxidase is positive in AML not ALL.

Auer rods are present in AML not ALL.

PAS is positive in ALL not AML because it indicates lymphoblasts.

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10
Q

Chloroma seen in which AML type?

A

M1 and M2

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11
Q

Filamentous projections on WBC surface

A

Hairy cell leukemia

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12
Q

AML classification with chromosome malformation of t(15;17)

A

M3

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13
Q

Gums and skin manifestation in AML types:

A

M4, M5

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14
Q

Stem cell disorders leading to ineffective hematopoiesis

A

Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS)

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15
Q

MPD (Myeloproliferative disorder) specific for megakaryocytes

A

Myelofibrosis

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16
Q

AML classification with DIC as a common presentation

A

M3

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17
Q

Triad of:
calvarian bone defects
diabetes insipidus
exophthalmos

A

Hand-Schuller-Christian disease (LCH)

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18
Q

Plasma cell dyscrasia featuring increase of ___ chain fragment of IgG

A

heavy

Answer = heavy chain disease

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19
Q

MDS has an increased risk of developing into:

A

AML

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20
Q

AML classification with (+) NONSPECIFIC ESTERASE and monocyte involvement

A

M5

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21
Q

Special stains:

nonspecific esterase = ?
myeloperoxidase = ?
PAS = ?

A

nonspecific esterase = monoblast
myeloperoxidase = myeloblasts
PAS = lymphoblasts

22
Q

These are needle-like clumps of cytoplasmic granular material present in AML and myelodysplastic syndromes

A

Auer rods

Found in AML myeloblasts, not in ALL lymphoblasts

23
Q

Grape cells or Mott cells are seen in

A

Multiple myeloma

24
Q

Plasma cell dyscrasia with increased M protein but no signs and symptoms

A

MGUS

Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance

25
Q

Affects middle-aged males > females

A

Hairy cell leukemia

26
Q

MPD (Myeloproliferative disorder) with positive Philadelphia chromosome

A

CML

bcr-abl transformation leads to increased cell division and inhibition of apoptosis

27
Q

Pseudo Pelger-Huet neutrophils are mostly associated with:

28
Q

AML classification (-) peroxidase and (+) myeloid Ag

29
Q

AML classification that is responsive to all-trans retinoic acid

30
Q

Fried egg/honeycomb appearance of bone marrow

A

Hairy cell leukemia

31
Q

JAK2 mutation is implicated in this MPD (Myeloproliferative disorder)

A

ALL except CML

Especially PVera

32
Q

Russels bodies found in

A

multiple myeloma

33
Q

TK mutation is common pathogenic feature of this group of disorders

A

Myeloproliferative disorders

34
Q

AML classification with Auer rods

35
Q

Treatment of CML

A

imatinib

bcr-abl TK inhibitor

36
Q

Proliferative disorders of dendritic cells from monocyte lineage

A

Langerhans cell histiocytosis

37
Q

RARA gene mutation is associated with

A

M3 variant of AML

38
Q

Bence Jones protein is positive in individuals with

A

Multiple myeloma

39
Q

Plasma cell dyscrasia featuring increase of B cell and plasma cell with resultant increase in IgM leading to increased blood viscosity

A

Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia

40
Q

AML classification showing dysplastic erythroid precursors

41
Q

MPD (Myeloproliferative disorder) showing increased hematopoiesis due to sensitivity to growth factors

A

Polycythemia vera

42
Q

Soap bubble appearance on x-ray

A

Multiple myeloma

43
Q

Fever + development of cutaneous lesions resembling seborrheic erruptions

A

Probably Letterer–Siwe LCH

infections like otitis media and mastoiditis also seen

44
Q

Myasthenia gravis + mediastinal mass =

45
Q

M-spike (increased IgG) suggests

A

Multiple myeloma

46
Q

Dutcher bodies are found in

A

multiple myeloma

47
Q

MPD (Myeloproliferative disorder) with teardrop cells (dacryocytes) in PBS

A

Myelofibrosis

Bone marrow is crying because it’s fibrosed.

48
Q

Absent or decreased alkaline phosphatase

A

CML

Due to immature granulocytes

49
Q

Rouleaux formation seen in this blood disorder

A

Multiple myeloma

Results in increased ESR

50
Q

LCH entity which is rapidly fatal

A

Letterer–Siwe disease or multifocal unisystem

51
Q

Most benign LCH entity

A

eosinophilic granuloma or unifocal

52
Q

Ringed sideroblasts are found in

3 Patho (8 decks)

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