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Nat 5 Physics > Waves > Flashcards

Waves Flashcards

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1
Q

What do waves transfer?

A

Energy

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2
Q

What is the definition of a transverse wave?

A

A wave in which the particles of the medium vibrate at right angles to the direction the wave is travelling in.

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3
Q

What is the definition of a longitudinal wave?

A

a wave in which the particles of the medium vibrate parallel to the direction the wave is travelling in.

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4
Q

Give me an example of a longitudinal wave

A

sound waves

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5
Q

Give me an example of a transverse wave

A

water waves and electromagnetic radiation waves

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6
Q

How do you measure the wavelength of a longitudinal wave?

A

From compression to compression

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7
Q

How do you measure the wavelength of a transverse wave?

A

Measure from one point on one wave to the same point on another

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8
Q

what do you call it when a longitudinal waves particles are spread out ?

A

Rarefaction

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9
Q

How do you find the amplitude of a wave?

A

Measure from the middle to the bottom or top of the wave

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10
Q

What is the top of a transverse wave called?

A

Crest

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11
Q

What is the bottom of a transverse wave called?

A

Trough

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12
Q

What is diffraction?

A

Diffraction is when waves bend around corners.

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13
Q

Compare long wave and short wave diffraction

A

The longer the wavelength the greater the diffraction. i.e long wavelengths diffract better than short wave lengths

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14
Q

describe the diffraction when the gap is the same size or smaller than the wavelength

A

Semi-circular waves are formed on the other side of the gap. i.e there is much more spreading

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15
Q

Describe the diffraction when the gap is larger than the wavelength

A

Little spreading will happen

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16
Q

What way in the E-m spectrum does the frequency go from low to high?

A

Radio (Low Frequency) to Gamma (High Frequency)

17
Q

What way in the E-m spectrum does the wavelength go from small to large?

A

Gamma rays ( small wavelength 10^-13m ) to Radio waves ( Large wavelength 10 m )

18
Q

What type of wave is the waves on the e-m spectrum?

A

All are Transverse

19
Q

What speed does the e-m spectrum waves travel at

A

Speed of Light ( 3x10^8 m/s)

20
Q

What is a source , detector and use for Radio waves?

A

A Source is lightning or broadcast radio towers , A detector of Radiowaves is an aerial or antenna and A use for radiowaves is communication

21
Q

What is a source, detector and use for Microwaves?

A

A source is the sun and a radar , A detector of microwaves is an aerial and a use for microwaves is mobile phone signals

22
Q

What is a source , detector and use for Infrared?

A

A source is the sun , a detector of Infrared radiation is a photodiode or a Closed circuit device (CCD) and a use for Infrared is a tv remote

23
Q

What is a source , detector and use for Visible light?

A

A source for visible light is the Sun , a detector of visible light is Photofilm,the retina of the eye or a CCD and a use for visible light is to predict the weather

24
Q

What is a source , detector and use for Ultra violet light?

A

A source is the sun and tanning beds , a detector of Ultra violet light is fluorescent dye and a use for ultra violet light is bank note security and sterilise medical equipment

25
Q

What is a source, detector and use for X-Rays?

A

A source of x-rays are radon gas and cosmic rays , a detector of X-Rays is photofilm and a use for x-rays is to take an image/picture of a broken bone

26
Q

What is a source, detector and use for gamma rays?

A

A source is nuclear explosions and lightning , a detector or gamma rays is Photofilm of Geiger-Muller tube (GM Tube) and a use for gamma rays is radiotherapy

27
Q

IS it correct to say that the energy associated with the different forms of e-m Radiation is in direct proportion to the frequency?

A

Yes that is correct

28
Q

When does refraction occur?

A

Refraction occurs when light passes from one medium into another.

29
Q

How does the speed of the wave change during refraction?

A

when the light moves into a denser medium than it was in the speed of the wave slows down. So when the light wave moves from glass into air the speed of the light increases

30
Q

How does the wave change direction during refraction?

A

when moving from air to glass the light changes direction slightly towards the normal
when moving from glass to air the light changes direction slightly away from the normal

31
Q

What is the “Normal” ?

A

The Normal is an imaginary line drawn perpendicular to the boundary between the two materials

32
Q

What is the “Angle of Incidence”?

A

The angle of incidence is the angle between the Incident ray (Before it is refracted i.e before it changes medium) and the normal

33
Q

What is the “Angle of Refraction”?

A

The Angle of Refraction is the angle between the refracted ray ( after the change of medium) and the normal

34
Q

How do you identify the Angle of Incidence in diagrams?

A

The angle of Incidence is the angle before the change in medium

35
Q

How do you identify the angle of refraction in diagrams?

A

The angle of refraction is the angle after the change in medium

36
Q

How do you identify the “Normal” in diagrams?

A

The line that is perpendicular to the refraction

Nat 5 Physics (12 decks)

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