Properties of Matter

Question 1

Does each material have the same Specific Heat Capacity?

Answer 1

No. Different materials require different amounts of heat energy to raise the temperature of it by one degree celsius

Question 2

What is the relationship between mass, heat energy , temperature change and specific heat capacity?

Answer 2

Eh = c x m x delta T

Question 3

What is temperature a measure of?

Answer 3

Temperature is the measure of the mean kinetic energy of a substances particles.

Question 4

How is the conservation of energy principle able to describe heat transfer?

Answer 4

Conservation of energy is that energy cannot be created nor destroyed only transferred. This determines that the energy will transfer from the warmer object to the colder object. (i.e A warm kettle’s heat energy will dissipate into the atmosphere and an Ice block will take in energy from it’s surroundings to heat it up)

Question 5

Does each material have the same specific latent heat?

Answer 5

No . Typically the Specific Latent heat is different for each material

Question 6

Will the same material require different amounts of energy to change its state from solid to liquid ( Specific latent heat of fusion) and from Liquid to gas ( Specific latent heat of vaporisation) ?

Answer 6

Yes . The specific latent heat of fusion and vaporisation are different quantities

Question 7

What is the relationship between mass , heat energy and specific latent heat?

Answer 7

Eh = ml

Question 8

How do you define pressure?

Answer 8

Pressure is defined as being the force that acts on a specific area

Question 9

What is the relationship between pressure , force and area?

Answer 9

P=F/A

Question 10

Describe how the kinetic model accounts for the pressure of a gas

Answer 10

Pressure is caused by the particles of a gas colliding with the walls of the container

Question 11

What temperature is absolute 0 ?

Answer 11

0 kelvin = -273 degrees celsius

Question 12

Explain the pressure-volume law

Answer 12

As the volume is decreased the molecules of a gas have less space to move around in. So,they hit the walls of the container more often causing a rise in pressure.

Question 13

Explain the pressure-temperature law

Answer 13

As the temperature is increased the molecules of the gas have more kinetic energy (move faster). So,they hit the walls of the container more often causing a rise in pressure.

Question 14

Explain the volume-temperature law

Answer 14

As the temperature is increased the molecules of the gas have more kinetic energy (move faster). So,they push the walls of the container outwards causing an Increase in volume.

Question 15

What are the relationships between volume,pressure and temperature of a fixed mass of gas?

Answer 15

P1V1 = P2V2 - Boyle’s Law
P1/T1 = P2/T2 - Pressure Law
V1/T1=V2/T2 - Charles Law

pV/T = constant - General gas Equation
P1V1 = P2V2 - General Gas Equation
T1 T2

Question 16

Describe an experiment that verifies Boyle’s Law

Answer 16

In this experiment the volume of a mass of trapped air in a syringe is varied while the pressure is monitored with a pressure sensor.
Disconnect the plastic tube and adjust the syringe so that it is half full of air. Reconnect the plastic tube. Adjust the syringe so that the volume of air is maximum. Keep the syringe at this position for a period of time before noting the pressure reading to allow the temperature of the trapped air to return to room temperature. Note the pressure of the gas. Adjust the volume a number of times and note the corresponding pressure readings, remembering to allow sufficient time for the temperature to stabilise before each reading is taken. DO NOT HOLD THE SYRINGE IN YOUR HAND AS THIS WILL CHANGE THE TEMPERATURE

Question 17

Describe an experiment that verifies the Pressure law

Answer 17

(Round bottomed flask Thermometer Rubber bung with glass tube through it Rubber tubing Bourdon Gauge Bunsen Tripod Gauze Heat resistant mat Glass beaker Water Ice)

Set up the apparatus as shown in the diagram with some ice in the water to cool it to near 0oC.

Write down the temperature of the water (effectively the temperature of the air in the flask) and the pressure of the air as shown on the Bourdon gauge.

Light the Bunsen burner and heat the water slowly. Write down the pressure and temperature of the air at roughly every ten degrees until the water boils.

Question 18

Describe an experiment that verifies Charles’s Law

Answer 18

The experiment is performed at a constant atmospheric pressure. The experiment proceeds by placing an empty flask in a boiling water bath. As the temperature increases, the air inside the flask expands. Afterwards, the gas is cooled in a water bath by maintaining the amount of the air in the flask constant. By measuring/determining the initial and final temperature and volume, we verify Charles’s law.