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GCSE physics > waves > Flashcards

waves Flashcards

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1
Q

what are the 2 types of waves?

A

transverse and longitudinal

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2
Q

what is a transverse wave?

A

when the particles of the medium move at right angles to the direction of travel of the wave

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3
Q

what examples of transverse waves are there?

A

surface waves and electromagnetic waves

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4
Q

what is a longitudinal wave?

A

the particles of the medium vibrate parallel to the direction of the wave

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5
Q

what examples of longitudinal waves?

A

sound waves travelling through a material

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6
Q

what happens to the size of the wave as it travels along in a transverse wave?

A

it decreases

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7
Q

what is a compression?

A

where the coil is close together

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8
Q

what is a rarefaction?

A

where the coil is spread out

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9
Q

what is the wavelength?

A

the distance from the start of one wave to the next

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10
Q

what is a crest or trough?

A

the top or bottom of the wave

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11
Q

what is wavelength measured in?

A

metres

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12
Q

what is the amplitude?

A

the maximum distance from the centre of the wave tp the top or bottom

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13
Q

what is amplitude half of?

A

the height of the wave

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14
Q

what is amplitude measured in?

A

metres

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15
Q

what is frequency?

A

the number of waves in 1 second

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16
Q

what is frequency measured in?

A

hertz (Hz)

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17
Q

what are good surfaces for reflection?

A

flat and shiny

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18
Q

what is the 90 degree to the mirror called?

A

the normal

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19
Q

what is the light ray that hits the mirror called?

A

incident ray

20
Q

what is the light ray which bounces off the mirror?

A

reflected ray

21
Q

what is the law of reflection?

A

angle of incidence = angle of reflection

22
Q

what is the same after reflection?

A

speed, frequency and wavelength

23
Q

what changes after reflection?

A

wave direction

24
Q

what happens when light travels from air to glass?

A

light bends towards the normal

25
Q

why does light bend as it passes from air to glass?

A

slows down

26
Q

what happens when light travels from glass to air?

A

light bends away from the normal

27
Q

why does light bend when it passes from glass to air?

A

speeds up

28
Q

what does refraction mean?

A

change in direction

29
Q

what is the same after refraction?

A

frequency

30
Q

what is different after refraction?

A

speed, wavelength and direction

31
Q

the higher the density the slower the…

A

light travels

32
Q

what is the law of refraction?

A

angle of incidence is greater than the angle of reflection

33
Q

what is unusual about electromagnetic waves?

A

they can travel through a vacuum

34
Q

what are similar about electromagnetic waves?

A

they travel at the speed of light and they can all travel through a vacuum and are all transverse waves

35
Q

what are the 7 waves in the electromagnetic spectrum?

A 
radio waves 
microwaves 
infra-red radiation 
visible light 
ultraviolet 
x-rays 
gamma rays
36
Q

what are radio waves used for?

A

transmitters in Aerials

37
Q

what are visible light and infra-red waves used for?

A

optical fibres

38
Q

what are microwaves used for?

A

mobile phone communication

39
Q

what is a satellite?

A

any object that orbits a planet

40
Q

what are natural satellites?

A

moon and plants that have moons

41
Q

what are artificial satellites?

A

man made objects put into space

42
Q

what are uses of satellites?

A

communication
weather forecasting
navigation

43
Q

what is a geosynchronous satellite?

A

has an orbit time of 24 hours and stays above the same ground position

44
Q

why does a geosynchronous satellite stay in a fixed position?

A

because it orbits in 24 hours which is the same time it takes for the earth to spin once

45
Q

what are the disadvantages of satellites?

A

they are affected by weather

46
Q

what are the advantages of optical fibres?

A

not affected by weather and are much quicker than satellites

GCSE physics (8 decks)

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