WAVES Flashcards
A WAVE IS:
A disturbance that transfers energy without the net movement of matter
TYPES OF WAVES: (AND EXAMPLES)
Mechanical (sound waves, ocean waves)
Electromagnetic (radio, x- ray, gamma)
WAVE PROPOGATION:
Transverse: - can be Mech or EM.
-Propagation is perpendicular to wave motion
Longitudinal: - Have to be Mech.
-Propagation is parallel to wave motion.
WAVE PROPERTIES:
peak, amplitude, wavelength, trough
compressions and rarefactions
compressions: more dense
rarefaction: less dense
ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM:
Radio>micro>Infared> light>UV>x-ray>Gamma
SIMILARITES AND DIFFERENCES OF THE EM SPECTRUM:
Similarities:
-All EM waves travel at the same speed (speed of light)
-They are all transverse waves
-they all travel without matter
Differences:
-Different frequency, wavelength and energy.
-Wavelengths (radio= longest, gamma = shortest)
-Frequency (radio=least, gamma=most)
-increased frequency = decreased wavelength
LUMINOUS:
emit light= luminous
don’t emit light= non - luminous
LIGHT BEHAVIOUR WITH DIFFERENT OBJECTS: (TOT)
opAque, AR:
-absorbs light and reflects light.
TRanslucent, TRD:
-transmits light, refracts light, disperses light
Transparent, T:
-transmits light
DISPERSION:
(colors)
(ROYGBIV)
RED- longest wavelength, bends the most
ORANGE
YELLOW
GREEN
BLUE
INDIGO
VIOLET- shortest wavelength
COLOUR THEORY:
Red objects: reflect red light, absorb all other colors.
Blue objects: reflect blue light, absorb all other colors.
(BLUE LIGHT UNDER RED LIGHT APEARS BLACK)
White objects: reflect all colors, absorb none.
Black objects: reflect no color, absorb all colors
TYPES OF REFLECTION: (R & D)
regular reflection- off of smooth surfaces. diffuse reflection- off of rough surfaces.
LAW OF REFRACTION: (as light moves through……)
As light moves through different mediums it changes speed therefore it also changes direction and bends.
-Light travels faster in less dense mediums
REFRACTIVE INDEX:
Fast.
-vacuum
-air
-water
-ice
-glass
-Perspex
-diamond
Slow.
FaST
SoFA
FaST- fast>slow, towards normal.
SoFA- slow>fast, away from normal.
SOUND TRAVELS:
(2 TYPES OF WAVES ML, fastest in solids because….)
-sound travels in mechanical and longitudinal waves.
-sound travels fastest in solids because the particles are more dense and tightly packed together, so it is therefore easier for a particle to find another close enough particle to pass on the vibration.
-sound travels slower liquids for the opposite reason to solids
PRODUCTION OF SOUND WAVES: (sound waves are formed when…)
sound waves form when particles are vibrating against each other.
PARTICLE THEORY: (- ^ if…)
-speed of sound increases if density and temperature increase.
SOUND WAVES: (HIGH PITCH, LOW PITCH)
high pitch= increased frequency = decreased wavelength (HID)
low pitch= decreased frequency= increased wavelength (LDI)
REFLECTION OF SOUND (WHAT IS IT)
the bouncing or reflecting of sound off an object
THE EAR:
Pinna: captures sound waves from the environment.
Ear drum: vibrating membrane, responsible for sound transmission and protection.
Ossicles: 3 vibrating bones, responsible for sound transmission and sound amplification.
Cochlea: vibrating hairs, responsible for frequency detection and amplification.
Auditory nerve (cannal): Channels sound from the pinna to the ear drum.
V=d/t
F=1/t
V=f/ג
(WILL GET THESE IN TEST)
V= speed (velocity)
T= time
D= distance
F= frequency
ג= wavelength
THINGS TO STUDY
-concave, convex mirrors.
-Labeling ear.
-drawing the graph thing with the normal, angle of incidence and refraction
-go over practice tests
