Waves

Question 1

Waves transfer

Answer 1

Energy

Question 2

In a transverse wave the particles

Answer 2

Vibrate perpendicular to the direction the wave is travelling

Question 3

In a longitudinal wave the particles

Answer 3

Vibrate parallel to the direction the wave is travelling

Question 4

/_/_/ this diagram represents a

Answer 4

Transverse wave

Question 5

|| | this diagram represents a

Answer 5

Longitudinal wave

Question 6

Examples of transverse waves include

Answer 6

Water, light, radio and television (or any other electromagnetic wave)

Question 7

An example of a longitudinal wave is

Answer 7

Sound

Question 8

The frequency of a wave is defined as

Answer 8

The number of waves that pass a point each second
N
f = —
t

Question 9

The unit of frequency is

Answer 9

Hertz Hz

Question 10

The speed of a wave is defined as

Answer 10

Distance travelled by a wave in one second

Question 11

The unit of speed is

Answer 11

Metres per second ms-1

Question 12

The relationship between speed, distance and time for a wave is

Answer 12

d
v = —
t

Question 13

The amplitude of a wave is defined as

Answer 13

The size of maximum disturbance from the zero position

Question 14

The greater the amplitude of a wave

Answer 14

The greater the energy of the wave

Question 15

The wavelength of a wave is

Answer 15

The distance from one point on a wave to the same point on the next wave

Question 16

The period of a wave is

Answer 16

The time taken for a wave to pass a point

Question 17

The unit of wavelength is

Answer 17

Metres m

Question 18

The unit of period is

Answer 18

Seconds s

Question 19

The relationship between period and frequency is

Answer 19

1
f = —
T

Question 20

The relationship between speed, frequency and wavelength is

Answer 20

v = fλ

Question 21

The relationship between frequency, number of waves and time is

Answer 21

N
f = —
t

Question 22

Diffraction is the ability of a wave to

Answer 22

Bend round a corner or through a gap

Question 23

Longer wavelength waves diffract

Answer 23

More than shorter wavelength waves

Question 24

/\ /\
_/ _/ The line represents the

Answer 24

Amplitude

Question 25

____ /\ /\ The line represents the \_/ \_/

Answer 25

Wavelength

Question 26

The material a wave passes through is known as

Answer 26

The medium

Question 27

Electromagnetic waves have a range of

Answer 27

Wavelengths and frequencies

Question 28

The order of the bands of electromagnetic spectrum, from longest to shortest wavelength is

Answer 28

Radio wave, microwave, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, x-rays and gamma rays

Question 29

All electromagnetic waves travel at

Answer 29

The speed of light

Question 30

Electromagnetic waves are

Answer 30

Transverse waves

Question 31

A detector of radio waves is

Answer 31

Aerial

Question 32

Applications of radio waves include

Answer 32

Communication, mri scanners

Question 33

Detectors of microwaves include

Answer 33

Aerial Diode detector

Question 34

Applications of microwaves include

Answer 34

Satellite communication WiFi Bluetooth Radar GPS

Question 35

Detectors of infrared include

Answer 35

Photodiode Blackened thermometer Thermochromic film

Question 36

Applications of infrared include

Answer 36

Night vision goggles Thermographic imaging Remote controls

Question 37

Detectors of visible light include

Answer 37

Photodiode CCD (charged-couple-device) Photographic film

Question 38

Applications of visible light include

Answer 38

Photography Lasers

Question 39

Detectors of ultraviolet radiation include

Answer 39

Fluorescent chemicals Photodiode

Question 40

Applications of ultraviolet radiation include

Answer 40

Fluorescence Treatment of skin conditions Sterilisation of medical instruments Sterilisation of water

Question 41

A detector of x-rays is

Answer 41

Photographic film

Question 42

Applications of x-rays include

Answer 42

Radiographs (internal images of objects/people) Radiotherapy (treatment of cancer)

Question 43

Detectors of gamma rays include

Answer 43

Geiger-Müller tube Photographic film

Question 44

Applications of gamma rays include

Answer 44

Treatment of cancer Radioactive tracers

Question 45

Excessive exposure to ultraviolet radiation causes

Answer 45

Skin cancer

Question 46

Refraction is

Answer 46

The change in speed of light when it passes from one medium into another

Question 47

When light passes form a fast medium into a slow medium

Answer 47

It’s changed direction towards the normal

Question 48

When light passes from a slow medium into a fast medium

Answer 48

It changes direction away from the normal

Question 49

The angle between the normal and incoming ray is called

Answer 49

The angle of incidence

Question 50

The angle between the normal and out going ray is called

Answer 50

The angle of refraction

Question 51

In refraction diagrams all angles are measured to

Answer 51

The normal

Question 52

Sources of microwaves include

Answer 52

Gunn diode Maser The sun Cosmic microwave background radiation

Question 53

Sources of radio waves include

Answer 53

Aerial Galaxies

Question 54

Sources of infrared include

Answer 54

Infrared LED infrared laser

Question 55

Sources of visible include

Answer 55

Lamp LED Laser Star

Question 56

Sources of x-rays include

Answer 56

X-ray tube Lightning Supernova remnants Black holes

Question 57

Sources of gamma rays include

Answer 57

Radioactive materials Lightning Cosmic rays Neutron stars Black holes

Question 58

Sources of ultraviolet radiation include

Answer 58

Ultraviolet LED ultraviolet lamp Ultraviolet laser The sun

Question 59

What happens to the speed of light as it travels from air into glass?

Answer 59

The speed of light in glass is slower than the speed of light in air.

Question 60

What path will the ray of light take as it passes through the glass prism?

Answer 60

Light ray is refracted at air/glass boundary and glass/ air boundary. Both result in a change of direction. As it enters the block the speed of the light decreases and it changes direction towards the normal. As it leaves the block the speed of the light increases and it changes direction away from the normal.

Question 61

In the hills you can sometimes pick up a radio signal but not a television signal?

Answer 61

Radio waves are longer wavelengths than television waves. Radio waves diffract more and can reach the receiver.

Question 62

What happens when white light is shone through a triangular prism

Answer 62

The light is refracted and produces a spectrum.

Question 63

Why does a triangular prism produce a spectrum from white light?

Answer 63

Different frequencies/colours of light refract by different amounts.

Question 64

You are 5km away from a thunder storm. What reaches you first - the thunder or the lighning? Explain your answer.

Answer 64

The lightning. The speed of light is faster than the speed of sound.

Question 65

Which member of the electromagnetic spectrum has the most energy?

Answer 65

Gamma radiation as it has the highest frequency