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Physics GCSE > Waves > Flashcards

Waves Flashcards

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1
Q

Aerial

A

a long wire that produces radio waves when an oscillating current is passed down it

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2
Q

Angle of Incident

A

the angle at which the incident ray hits the normal

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3
Q

Angle of Reflection

A

the angle at which the reflected ray leaves the normal

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4
Q

Antihelix

A

curved visible part of the ear

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5
Q

Antitragus

A

small notch just above the lobule

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6
Q

Anvil

A

small ear in your bone that vibrates to allow you to hear

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7
Q

Aperture Stop

A

physically limits the solid angle of rays passing through the system from an on-axis object, in other words, limits the brightness

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8
Q

Auditory Nerve

A

nerve that allows you to hear

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9
Q

Auditory Ossicles

A

group of small bones in the ear that vibrate to allow you to hear

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10
Q

Black

A

where nothing is reflected and everything is absorbed

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11
Q

Black Filter

A

where all light is absorbed and nothing is reflected

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12
Q

Blue Filter

A

where blue light is transmitted and red and green are absorbed

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13
Q

Bluetooth

A

a use for radio waves that connects a computer to peripheral devices

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14
Q

Cartilage

A

holds shape of the ear

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15
Q

CCD

A

Charge-Coupled Device

sensors that convert x-rays to light, creating electronic signals in the sensors that are sent to a computer which displays a digital x-ray image

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16
Q

Cilla

A

small hairs in the middle air that waft mucous away

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17
Q

Cochlea

A

converts auditory signals to neural impulses

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18
Q

Cochlea Nerve

A

another word for auditory nerve

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19
Q

Cochlear Implant

A
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20
Q

Compression

A

area where longitudinal waves are closer together

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21
Q

CAT Scans

A

Computerised Axial-Tomography Scans

multiple x-rays used to build up a 3D model with more details shown than a normal x-ray that can differentiate between soft tissues, but uses a higher dose of radiation than a normal x-ray

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22
Q

Cosmic Radiation

A

radiation from space

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23
Q

Crust

A

outer layer of the Earth, solid

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24
Q

Continental Crust

A

thick (10-70km) less dense and older than oceanic crust

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25
Q

Oceanic Crust

A

thin (7km), young, dense, so sinks under the continental crust

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26
Q

Crystallography

A

where x-rays are used to see inside crystals

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27
Q

Cyan

A

blue and green light

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28
Q

Cyan Light

A

where red and blue light is transmitted and green is absorbed

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29
Q

Diffuse

A

reflection from a rough surface

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30
Q

Diffuse Reflection

A

reflection off rough surfaces that you can’t see a reflection in

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31
Q

Distress Signal

A

use for visible light

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32
Q

Dobson Units

A

units for measuring the amount of ozone

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33
Q

Ear Canal

A

pathway from outer ear to eardrum

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34
Q

Ear Drum

A

thin membrane that is vibrated by sound waves

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35
Q

Ear Wax

A

protects the ear by trapping dirt and fighting infections

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36
Q

Echolocation

A

a method that bats, dolphins and blind people use for location

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37
Q

Electromagnetic Waves

A

waves which do not need a medium, eg light

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38
Q

Endoscope

A

contains two bundles of fibres that transmit light into a body cavity for medical examination

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39
Q

Epi-Centre

A

where an earthquake originates from

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40
Q

Eustachian Tube

A

a hollow tube from the ears to the tube that is lined with hair-like projections that sweep mucus away from the middle ear

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41
Q

External Auditory Meatus

A

another word for ear canal

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42
Q

Filter

A

something that transmits only one colour of light

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43
Q

Focal Length

A

the distance between the lens to the principal focus

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44
Q

Green Filter

A

where green light is transmitted and red and blue are absorbed

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45
Q

Hammer

A

small bone in the ear that vibrates to allow you to hear

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46
Q

Helix

A

part of the ear not visible from the outside

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47
Q

Impure Note

A

a note with inconsistent amplitude and frequency

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48
Q

Incident Rays

A

original rays

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49
Q

Incus

A

another name for anvil, the bone moved by the hammer

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50
Q

Infared

A

wavelength beyond red that we can’t see, refracted less than red and its wavelength is longer

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51
Q

Inner Core

A

innermost layer of the Earth, solid

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52
Q

Ionosphere

A

layer of atmosphere that reflects radio waves

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53
Q

Lateral Inversion

A

reversal of right and left

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54
Q

Law of Reflection

A

the angle of reflection equals the angle of incidence

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55
Q

Lead

A

a good absorber of radiation

56
Q

Lead Absorber Plates

A

put between the patient and the x-ray tube to stop x-rays reaching other parts of the body

57
Q

Lighthouse

A

use for visible light

58
Q

Lobule

A

scientific word for earlobe, helps to warm the ears and maintian balance

59
Q

Longitudinal Wave

A

waves where the vibrations are parallel to the direction of energy transfer

60
Q

L-Waves

A

Love Waves

a combination between P-Waves and S-Waves that travel along the surface of the Earth and cause the most destruction, the slowest form of wave

61
Q

Magenta

A

blue and red light

62
Q

Magenta Filter

A

where red and blue light is transmitted and green is absorbed

63
Q

Malleus

A

another word for hammer, the bone that moves when the ear drum vibrates

64
Q

Mantle

A

second layer of the Earth, semi-solid

65
Q

Mechanical Wave

A

waves that need a medium eg sound waves, water waves

66
Q

Mobile Phones

A

a use for microwaves

67
Q

Monochromatic

A

light like that emitted by lasers and neon lamps that has one wavelength of colour

68
Q

Negative Image

A

the image on the film from an x-ray

69
Q

Normal

A

the point at which incident rays are reflected and become reflected rays

70
Q

Opaque

A

things that you can’t see through

71
Q

Optical Fibres

A

fibres that light can be passed down, used in endoscopies and colonscopies

72
Q

Oscillating

A

something that is vibrating

73
Q

Oscillation

A

repetitive vibrations

74
Q

Outer Crust

A

third layer of the Earth, liquid

75
Q

Outer Ear

A

the external part of the ear that directs sound waves

76
Q

Oval Window

A

one of two openings between the middle ear and the outer ear

77
Q

Ozone

A

a layer of the atmosphere that absorbs ultraviolet rays from the sun

78
Q

Peak

A

the top of a wave

79
Q

Perfect Black Body

A

an object that absorbs all of the radiation incident on it, does not reflect or transmit any radiation, since a good absorber is also a good emitter, a perfect black body is the best possible emitter

80
Q

Pinna

A

another word for outer ear

81
Q

Pixels

A

light-sensitive cells in digital camera

82
Q

Primary Colours of Light

A

red, green and blue

83
Q

Pure Note

A

a note with constant frequency and amplitude

84
Q

P-Waves

A

Primary Waves

longitudinal seismic waves that can travel through solids and liquids faster than S-Waves

85
Q

Radar

A

a use for radio waves

86
Q

Radiograph

A

an image produced on a sensitive plate or film by X-rays, gamma rays, or similar radiation, and typically used in medical examination

87
Q

Radon Gas

A

gas that seeps through the earth from deep underground

88
Q

Ray Diagram

A

diagrams used to show rays and how they are reflected

89
Q

Real Image

A

one that is formed by focusing the light rays at a point, can be projected onto a screen

90
Q

Red Filter

A

where red light is transmitted and blue and green are absorbed

91
Q

Reflected Rays

A

rays that are reflected

92
Q

Remote Controls

A

use for infared waves

93
Q

Richter Scale

A

scale used to measure seismic waves

94
Q

Ripple Tank

A

a specialised form of wave tank used for demonstrating basic properties of waves

95
Q

Round Wave

A

one of two openings between the middle and outer ear

96
Q

Sat Nav

A

a use for microwaves

97
Q

Secondary Colours of Lights

A

cyan, yellow and magenta

98
Q

Seismic Waves

A

waves created by earthquakes and volcano eruptions

99
Q

Seismologist

A

scientists who study seismic waves

100
Q

Seismology

A

study of seismic waves

101
Q

Seismometer

A

device used to detect seismic waves

102
Q

Semicircular Canals

A

three fluid-filled channels in the ear that help maintian balance

103
Q

Shadow Zone

A

area where no seismic waves can be detected

104
Q

Sky TV

A

a use for radio waves

105
Q

Sonar

A

a pulse of ultrasound used to locate things

106
Q

Specular Reflection

A

reflection off smooth surfaces that you can see a reflection in

107
Q

Speed of Sound

A

330 m/s

108
Q

Stem

A

another word for antihelix

109
Q

Stirrup

A

small bone in the ear that vibrates to allow you to hear

110
Q

S-Waves

A

Secondary Waves

transverse seismic waves that can only travel through solids, stands for Secondary Waves

111
Q

Tragus

A

projection of the outer ear

112
Q

Translucent

A

things that you can partially see through

113
Q

Transmission

A

the movement of light through a material

114
Q

Transparent

A

things that you can see through

115
Q

Transverse Wave

A

waves where the vibrations are perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer

116
Q

Trough

A

the bottom of a wave

117
Q

Tympanic Cavity

A

another word for middle ear

118
Q

Tympanic Membrane

A

another word for eardrum

119
Q

Ultrasound

A

sound above the maximum frequency that humans can hear, 20000Hz

120
Q

Ultraviolet

A

wavelength beyond purple that we can’t see, it is refracted more than violet and its wavelength is shorter

121
Q

Undisturbed Position

A

midpoint between peak and trough

122
Q

Vestibular Nerve

A

branches of the ventrobulocochlear nerves

123
Q

Ventrobulocochlear Nerve

A

conveying sensory impulses from the organs of hearing and balance in the inner ear to the brain

124
Q

Vibrations

A

a constant repeated up and down or back and forth motion

125
Q

Virtual Image

A

one that is formed by focusing the light rays at a point, can be projected onto a screen

126
Q

Visible Spectrum

A

consists of all the light we fan see: red, orange , yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet. Red is the longest wavelength and is refracted the least, whereas violet is the shortest wavelength is and is refracted the most

127
Q

Wave

A

a series of disturbances that are the same distance from each other and transfer energy from one place to another

128
Q

Wave Speed

A

the speed at which the energy is transferred, or the waves moves, through the medium, measured in metres per second, m/s

129
Q

White

A

where everything is reflected and nothing is absorbed

130
Q

White Filter

A

where all light is reflected and nothing is absorbed

131
Q

White Light

A

light from ordinary lamps and the Sun

132
Q

X-Ray Therapy

A

used to destroy cancerous cells in the body

133
Q

X-Ray Tube

A

produces X rays by accelerating electrons to a high velocity with a high-voltage field and causing them to collide with a targe

134
Q

Yellow

A

red and green light

135
Q

Yellow Filter

A

where red and green light is transmitted and blue is absorbed

Physics GCSE (13 decks)

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