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Nutrition > Water soluble vitamins > Flashcards

Water soluble vitamins Flashcards

1
Q

True or false; Vit C functions in non-heme iron absorption

A

true

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2
Q

What step of collagen synthesis does Vit C participate in

A

hydroxylation step

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3
Q

True or false; peppers are good sources of Vit C

A

true

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4
Q

What are the 4 H’s of scurvy

A

Hemorrhagic
Hematologic
Hyper-keratosis
Hyper-chondrosis

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5
Q

Toxicity of Vit C causes what?

A

diarrhea

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6
Q

TDP is coenzyme formed from which vitamin

A

Thiamin (B1)

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7
Q

TDP the coenzyme made from thiamine (B1) is used in what?

A

pyruvate to Acetyl-CoA

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8
Q

What is TTP (non-coenzyme) made from thiamine (B1) is used in what? Which is important in…

A

Na+/Cl- transport

important in nervous system (nerve transduction)

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9
Q

Wet beri beri effects who? causes..

A

Adults - causes enlarged heart

Thiamine (B1) deficiency

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10
Q

Dry beri beri effects who? causes..

A

Geriatrics - causes peripheral neuropathy

Thiamine (B1) deficiency

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11
Q

Acute beri beri effects who? causes…

A

Babies - causes heart enlargement

Thiamine (B1) deficiency

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12
Q

True or false; beri beri causes tender calf muscles

A 
true
Thiamine (B1) deficiency
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13
Q

What is beri beri?

A

Thiamine (B1) deficiency

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14
Q

What is the function of riboflavin (B2)

A

FAD and FMN (coenzymes) dehydrogenases

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15
Q

Which step of OHOT is riboflavin (B2) associated with?

A

1st step

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16
Q

True or false; FAD and FMN (products of riboflavin B2) are used in the synthesis of niacin (B3) and B6

A

true

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17
Q

What are some sources of B2 (riboflavin)

A

dark green leafy veggies
Dairy
Whole grains

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18
Q

Ariboflavinosis (deficiency of B2) is associated with cheilosis and angular stomatitis

A

true

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19
Q

Magenta tongue is associated with what deficiency

A

B2 (riboflavin)

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20
Q

“Burning feet syndrome” is associated with what deficiency

A

B5 (pantothenic acid)

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21
Q

What function does pantothenic acid (B5) play a role in?

A

CoA production for krebs and OHOT

Acyl carrier protein for lipid synthesis

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22
Q

What are some sources of pantothenic acid B5?

A

meat, animal products and whole grains/legumes

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23
Q

What is biotin (B7) bound to?

A

carboxylase

24
Q

What are some sources of biotin (B7)

A

dairy
nuts
large intestine bacteria

25
Q

What is unique about biotin (B7) and raw eggs

A

if consuming raw eggs - contain a chelator that binds biotin preventing absorption of B7

26
Q

What population is most likely to be deficient in biotin (B7)

A

pregnant women

27
Q

What are some symptoms of biotin (B7) deficiency

A

dermatitis
glossitis
increased cholesterol (LDL levels)

28
Q

What is niacin (B3) made from

A

tryptophan

29
Q

NAD (dehydrogenase) made from Niacin (B3) is used in which step of OHOT

A

2nd step

30
Q

NADPH made from Niacin (B3) is used in the synthesis of what?

A

F.A.’s & cholesterol

Triglycerides

31
Q

What is the main source of niacin (B3)

A

meat

32
Q

Deficiency of Niacin (B3) is called what?

A

Pellagra

33
Q

What are the 4 D’s of pellagra (Niacin B3 deficiency)

A

Dermatitis
Dementia
Diarrhea
Death

34
Q

Pyridoxine B6 is used in the synthesis of what?

A

neurotransmitters
Myelin sheath
Heme

35
Q

What are some sources of B6 (pyridoxine)

A

Meat (main source)

whole grains

36
Q

What are some symptoms of B6 (pyridoxine) deficiency

A

fatigue

peripheral neuropathy

37
Q

True or false; Cobalamin (B12) functions in A.A. metabolism

A

true (adenosylcobalamin)

38
Q

What is methylcobalamin (B12) used in?

A

Methylation and removal of homocysteine (increased homocysteine is correlated with increased risk of CVD)

39
Q

True or false; meat, fish and dairy are all sources of B12 (cobalamin)

A

true

40
Q

Megaloblastic anemia and pernicous anemia are both consequences of deficiency of what vitamin

A

Cobalamin (B12)

41
Q

What binds cobalamin (B12) in stomach?

A

R-protein

42
Q

What binds cobalamin (B12) in SI

A

intrinsic factor (from parietal cells of stomach)

43
Q

Patients with Zogeler Ellison syndrome have impaired absorption of Cobalamin (B12) in the SI because…

A

increased HCl secretion which denatures intrinsic factor

44
Q

True or false; patients taking reflux medications can have impaired absorption of Cobalamin (B12) in the SI

A

true

45
Q

How is Cobalamin (B12) absorbed?

A

Receptor mediated endocytosis

46
Q

Where is Cobalamin (B12) stored?

A

Liver

47
Q

What are some sources of Folate (B9)

A

dark green leafy veggies
legumes
(needs Zinc for absorption)

48
Q

What mineral does Folate (B9) need for absorption

A

Zinc

49
Q

What function does Folate (B9) play a role in the body?

A

THF used for Methylation (used in DNA, Erythropoesis production and leukocyte production)

50
Q

What two water soluble vitamins are used in methylation

A

Cobalamin (B12) and Folate (B9)

51
Q

Folic acid (B9) which is important for developing embryos can be found where

A

supplements and fortified cereals

52
Q

Megaloblastic anemia and nerual tube defects are both caused by a deficiency in this vitamin

A

Folate (B9)

53
Q

True or false; Tryptophan (used in Niacin B3 production) is found readily in meats (protein sources)

A

true

54
Q

One of Vitamin C’s functions is in Non-heme iron absorption what is non-heme iron?

A

the iron found in supplements or plants

55
Q

True or false; if you have too much folic acid you decrease your zinc absorption (which is required for folate B9 absorption)

A

true

Nutrition (4 decks)

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