water quiz

Question 1

cohesive behavior

Answer 1

water molecules, which are linked by hydrogen bonds, stay close together due to their high polarity

Question 2

adhesive behavior

Answer 2

because water has both positively and negatively charged ends, it is able to cling to other substances

Question 3

surface tension

Answer 3

hydrogen bonds in water give it an unusually high surface tension, making it behave as though it has an invisible film on its surface

Question 4

polarity of h2o

Answer 4

oxygen is a partial negative and hydrogen is a partial positive, which makes their bond a polar covalent bond

Question 5

what is waters high specific heat (formula)

Answer 5

1 cal/(g * °C)

Question 6

high specific heat

Answer 6

water absorbs heat from warmer air due to hydrogen bonds breaking and releases stored heat to cooler air due to hydrogen bonds forming

Question 7

heat of vaporization

Answer 7

the quantity of heat a liquid must absorb for 1 gram of it to be converted from liquid to gas, hydrogen bonds must break for liquid to turn to water vapor

Question 8

evaporative cooling

Answer 8

as liquid evaporates, its surface cools because the hottest molecules are the ones that become gas

Question 9

what is ice’s greatest density

Answer 9

4°C

Question 10

ice floating

Answer 10

molecules in ice are more ordered, making it less dense, allowing it to float

Question 11

kinetic energy

Answer 11

the faster a molecule moves, the higher its kinetic energy is, and the hotter the molecule is

Question 12

hydrophobic

Answer 12

molecules that don’t have an affinity for water because they’re nonpolar

Question 13

diffusion

Answer 13

allows for movement of materials through an aqueous solution, down the concentration gradient

Question 14

osmosis

Answer 14

movement of water across membranes due to water potential differences, down the concentration gradient, to make water and solvent equal

Question 15

solvent

Answer 15

dissociation/ionization of materials, ionic compounds break into ions when they dissolve in water, which helps transport cells oxygen and nutrients

Question 16

buffer

Answer 16

moderates pH levels and minimizes changes in concentration by accepting a solution’s hydrogen ions when they’re in excess and donating hydrogen ions when they’ve been depleted

Question 17

transpiration

Answer 17

moving water away from leaves due to water potential differences/evaporation through stomata

Question 18

capillary action of water

Answer 18

adhesion allows water to resist gravity as it climbs up the plant and cohesion allows the water to stick to itself as it climbs

Question 19

root pressure

Answer 19

driven by osmosis/movement of water into roots

Question 20

negative pressure potential

Answer 20

caused by surface tension of water as it is pulled up xylem

Question 21

high specific heat’s effect on life and the environment

Answer 21

it keeps temperature fluctuations within limits that permit life, as water changes temperature less than other liquids as it absorbs without changing temperature

Question 22

evaporative cooling’s effect on life and the environment

Answer 22

it helps stabilize the temperature in lakes, helping organisms to not overheat

Question 23

ice floating’s effect on life and the environment

Answer 23

if ice sank, the world would freeze. since it floats, only the top of lakes freeze, allowing life to exist under the frozen layer

Question 24

how does osmosis move water

Answer 24

from high concentration/low solute to low concentration/high solute

Question 25

aqueous solution

Answer 25

water is the solvent/solution that things dissolve in