cellular respiration

Question 1

cellular respiration formula

Answer 1

C6H12O6 + 6 O2 -> 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + energy

Question 2

glucose is used in:

Answer 2

glycolysis

Question 3

O2 is used in:

Answer 3

oxidative phosphorylation

Question 4

CO2 is produced in:

Answer 4

the pre-Krebs and the Krebs cycle

Question 5

H2O is produced in:

Answer 5

oxidative phosphorylation

Question 6

ATP is produced in:

Answer 6

glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation

Question 7

ATP is used in:

Answer 7

glycolysis

Question 8

ADP + Pi are used in:

Answer 8

glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation

Question 9

ADP + Pi are produced in:

Answer 9

glycolysis

Question 10

NADH is produced in:

Answer 10

glycolysis and the Krebs cycle

Question 11

NADH is used in:

Answer 11

oxidative phosphorylation

Question 12

NAD+ is used in:

Answer 12

glycolysis and the Krebs cycle

Question 13

NAD+ is produced in:

Answer 13

oxidative phosphorylation

Question 14

how much ATP is produced in glycolysis

Answer 14

2

Question 15

how much ATP is produced in the Krebs cycle

Answer 15

2

Question 16

how much ATP is produced in oxidative phosphorylation

Answer 16

28 to 34

Question 17

what’s the overall function of glycolysis

Answer 17

break glucose down into pyruvate, make NADH and 2 ATP

Question 18

what’s the overall function of the Krebs cycle

Answer 18

oxidates pyruvate which makes carbon dioxide, makes 6 NADH, 2 FADH2, and 2 ATP

Question 19

what’s the overall function of oxidative phosphorylation

Answer 19

oxidates NADH and FADH2, makes ATP and H2O

Question 20

why does cellular respiration stop after glycolysis when no oxygen is present

Answer 20

because the Krebs cycle needs NAD+ to turn pyruvate into acetyl CoA and this NAD+ is from oxidative phosphorylation which cannot occur without oxygen

Question 21

why do organisms ferment when it results in toxic waste products

Answer 21

they must ferment while in oxygen debt in order to regenerate NAD+

Question 22

why cant cells store large quantities of ATP

Answer 22

because it breaks down into ADP+Pi easily

Question 23

what is ATP stored as

Answer 23

proteins and fats

Question 24

what are the advantages of ATP being stored in a different form

Answer 24

its more stable and larger

Question 25

what ions effect the ability to make ATP

Answer 25

hydrogen

Question 26

is there less or more ATP when theres more H+ in the mitochondria

Answer 26

less ATP

Question 27

why is the rate of disappearance of O2 from a solution used to measure the rate of electron transport

Answer 27

because O2 is the final acceptor and without O2 electrons cannot move

Question 28

less calories means what

Answer 28

less glycolysis and Krebs cycle, meaning less use of NAD+ and therefore you’re left with more

Question 29

the three steps of cellular respiration are:

Answer 29

glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation and the citric acid cycle (pre-Krebs and Krebs cycle), and oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport and chemiosmosis)

Question 30

whats the difference between anaerobic and aerobic respiration

Answer 30

aerobic uses O2 while anaerobic does not

Question 31

where does glycolysis occur

Answer 31

cytoplasm

Question 32

what are the two major phases of glycolysis

Answer 32

energy investment phase and energy payoff phase

Question 33

does glycolysis require oxygen

Answer 33

no

Question 34

what happens in fermentation

Answer 34

pyruvate is converted to ethanol

Question 35

what are the two steps of fermentation

Answer 35

release CO2 from pyruvate, reduce the resulting acetaldehyde to ethanol

Question 36

what are the two main types of fermentation

Answer 36

alcohol and lactic acid

Question 37

what happens in lactic acid fermentation

Answer 37

pyruvate is reduced by NADH, forming lactate as an end product, does not release CO2

Question 38

what happens in the pre-Krebs cycle

Answer 38

CO2 is removed and NADH produced by these steps relay electrons from food to the ETC

Question 39

what happens in the citric acid cycle

Answer 39

the acetyl group if acetyl CoA combines with oxaloacetate, forming citrate

Question 40

what is ATP synthase

Answer 40

protein complex that hydrogen moves through to go across the membrane (mitochondrial matrix to intermembrane space), uses H+ to drive ATP’s phosphorylation

Question 41

what is chemiosmosis

Answer 41

use of energy in a hydrogen gradient to drive cellular work

Question 42

what happens in the electron transport chain (ETC)

Answer 42

electrons drop free energy as the go down the chain and are passed to O2, making H2O

Question 43

oxidation is when

Answer 43

something loses electrons

Question 44

reduction is when

Answer 44

something gains electrons

Question 45

early prokaryotes generated ATP through what

Answer 45

glycolysis because of the atmosphere’s low oxygen content