WATER POLLUTION Flashcards
_____________, caused by human activities like chemicals, heavy metals, plastics, sewage, and agricultural runoff, leads to degradation of water quality and ecosystem disruption.
Water Pollution
substances that contaminate water bodies through CHEMICAL REACTIONS or toxicity, posing risks to ecosystems, wildlife, and human health.
chemical pollutants
Living or once-living organisms that contaminate water and can harm ecosystems and human health. They include PATHOGENS, invasive species, and ORGANIC WASTE, which can lead to diseases, disrupt ecosystems,and affect water quality.
biological pollutants
Substances that affect the physical properties of water without necessarily causing a chemical reaction. These pollutants can alter WATER CLARITY, TEMPERATURE, and overall habitat conditions, making it less suitable for both aquatic life and human use.
Physical Pollutants
____________________
Human activities, such as ________________, can cause unnatural increases in water temperature in water bodies like rivers, lakes, and oceans, which are then discharged back into the environment.
Thermal Pollutants
industrial facilities
Sources of Water Pollution
- INDUSTRIAL
- AGRICULTURAL
- DOMESTIC
- MARINE DUMPING
- OIL SPILLS
discharge as heavy pollutants, metals, toxic chemicals, and hazardous substances, directly into rivers and lakes, leading to contamination of surface and groundwater.
Factories
__________________
Wastewater from there refineris often contains high levels of _____________, which lead to _______ depletion in aquatic ecosystems, harming marine life.
Oil Refinery
hydrocarbons, oxygen
______________ lead to acid mine drainage,where toxic metals and acidic water waste seep from into mine nearbyrivers and lakes. This runoffaffects water pH, making the environment inhospitable for aquatic organisms.
Mining Activities
_________________________
This can cause nutrient pollution, espicially with __________ and ___________, leading to algal blooms.
Runoff from Pesticides and Fertilizers
nitrogen, phosphorus
_________________
Waste from __________ farming is rich in ORGANIC MATTER and PATHOGENS. It increases the levels of harmful bacterias and viruses, creating health hazards for humans and animals.
animal waste from farms
livestock
contains organic matter, bacteria, and nutrients that can disrupt aquatic ecosystems. Improperly treated ___________ introduces high levels of bacteria and viruses into water sources, which poses health risks and can contaminate drinking water supplies
Household waste and sewage
sewage
DOMESTIC SOURCES
_______________
these chemicals can be toxic to aquaic life and disrupt the natural chemistry of water bodies, leading to detrimental effects on biodiversity.
improper disposal of chemicals
Marine Dumping
________________
This waste can harm marine organisms through ingestion, entanglement, and toxicity. ___________ are particularly harmful as they do not decompose and break down into microplastics
Disposal of waste in oceans
Plastics
The toxic components in oil can poison fish, birds, mammals, leading to significant loss of biodiverity and disrupting the food web.
effect of oil spills
What are the three effects of water pollution
human health
environmental impact
economic impact
caused by pathogens that are transmited through water
waterborne diseases
examples of waterborne diseases
cholera, leptospirosis
loss of livelihood is an ___________ impact of water pollution
economic
- The law mandates proper WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT and regulates discharges into water bodies to maintain safe quality standards.
Clean Water Act of 2004 ( RA 9275)
This regulation sets effluent standards for the discharge of pollutants from various INDUSTRIES into water bodies.
Revised Effluent Standards of 1990 ( DENR ADMINISTRATIVE ORDER NO. 35)
play a critical role by filtering and treating wastewater before it re-enters natural water sources, removing a significant portionof contaminants.
wastewater treatment plants
it offers a natural and promising solution byemploying microorganisms to break downpollutants.
bioremediation
Types of Bioremediation
microbial (prokaryotes), bioaugmentation, biostimulation
plays a significant role in water pollution mitigation by providing innovative solutions to treat contaminated water
nanotechnology
nanofiltration membrane
- focuses on creating eco-friendly chemicals that degrade safelyin water, minimizing long-term environmental impacts.
green chemistry
What are the technologocal solutions in water pollution
wastewater treatment plants
bioremediation
nanotechnology
green chemistry
What are the agricultural practices that helps prevent water pollution
- reducing chemical fertilizers and pesticides
- organic farming
What are the global efforts to address water pollution
- UNITED NATIONS sustainable development goals (SDG 6: Clean Water and Sanitation)
- international organizations and partnerships
- role of climate change and water conservation
Improve water quality byreducing pollution, eliminating dumping,and minimising the release of hazardouschemicals and materials.
Target 6.3 (SDG g of UN)
Substantially increase wateruse efficiency across all sectors to addresswater scarcity.
Target 6.4 (SDG 6 of UN)
Focuses on the health impacts of water pollution and promotes safewater and sanitation practices. The Organization connects nations,partners and communities to promotehealth and serve the vulnerable.
World Health Organization
Leads global efforts to monitor and assess water quality, promotes sustainable water management,and coordinates international partnerships.
United Nations Environment Program
Uses NUCLEAR and ISOTOPIC techniques to study water resources, detect pollutants, and develop water protection strategies.
International Atomic Energy Agency
is any chemical, biological, or physical change in water quality that has a harmful effect on living organisms or that makes water unsuitable for desired uses
water pollution
TYPES OF POLLUTANT
Bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and parasitic worm
infectious agents
TYPES OF POLLUTANT
Organic waste such as animal manure and plant debris that can be decomposed by aerobic (oxygen-requiring) bacteria
oxygen-demanding waste
TYPES OF POLLUTANTS
Water-soluble 1) acids, 2) compounds of toxic metals such as lead (Pb), arsenic (As), and selenium (Se), and 3) salts such as sodium chloride (NaCl) in ocean water and fluorides (F-) found in some soil
inorganic chemicals
sOil, gasoline, plastics, pesticides, cleaning solvents, detergent
organic chemicals
When a power plant first opens or shuts down for repair, fish and other organisms adapted to a particular temperature range can be killed by the abrupt change in water temperature- known as _____________.
thermal shock
A subgroup of coliform bacteria that has high positive correlation with fecal contamination associated with all warm blooded animals. (PHILIPPINE STANDARDS FOR DRINKING WATER 1993
Thermotolerant coliform
Diseases and illnesses that can be contracted in water with high fecal coliform counts include typhoid fever, ___________, gastroenteritis, ____________ and ear infections
hepatitis, dysentery
This measures the amount of oxygen required or consumed for the MICROBIOLOGICAL DECOMPOSITION of organic material in water.
Biochemical oxygen demand in water bodies
The presence of high _____________ may indicate faecal contamination or increases inparticulate and dissolved organic carbon from non-human and animal sources that can restrict water use and development, necessitate expensive treatment andimpair ecosystem healt
biochemical oxygen demand
Water pollution affects fresh, marine, and groundwater resources of the country. Surface water quality can be assessed by using ______________ and ________________ as parameters.
Biochemical Oxygen Demand, and Dissolved Oxygen
about ___% of the country’s population live along coastal areas andcontribute to discharge of untreated domestic and industrial wastewater frominland
60
In the Philippines , ___ % of the river sampling points have been classified as public watersupply source
36
In the Philippines, preliminary data indicate that up to ___% of groundwater intended fordrinking water supplies are contaminated with total _______ and would need treatment
58, coliform
In the Philippines, ____ f illnesses for a five-year period was from water-related diseases
31%
