Water on the Land

Question 1

Name the 4 processes of erosion.

Answer 1

• Hydraulic action
• Abrasion
• Attrition
• Solution

Question 2

What is Hydraulic action?

Answer 2

The force of the water breaks rock particles away from the river channel.

Question 3

What is Abrasion?

Answer 3

Eroded rocks picked up by the river scraps and rub against the channel. This wears it away.

Question 4

What is Attrition?

Answer 4

Eroded rocks picked up by the river smash into each other and break into smaller fragments.

Question 5

What is Solution?

Answer 5

River water dissolves some types of rock.

Question 6

Name the 4 transportation methods and what they do.

Answer 6

Traction-Large particles are pushed along the river bed.
Saltation-Pebble sized particles are bounced along the river bed.
Suspension-Small particles are carried along by the water.
Solution-Souble material dissolve and are carried along the water.

Question 7

In a meander which side does the water flow the fastest at?

Answer 7

On the outside bend because the channel is deeper so there is less friction to slow it down.

Question 8

What are levees?

Answer 8

They are natural embankments (raised bits) along the side of a river channel

Question 9

What are the physical and human factors that can cause flooding?

Answer 9

Human Factors- Deforestation and building constructions.

Physical Factors- Prolonged rainfall, Snowmelt, Heavy rainfall and Relief.

Question 10

Name 2 hard engineering strategies that can reduce the risk and effects of flooding.

Answer 10

• Dams and reservoirs.

- Channel straightening.

Question 11

Name 4 soft engineering strategies that can reduce the risk and effects of flooding.

Answer 11

• Flood warnings
• Preparation
• Flood plain zoning
• Do nothing.