Water on the Land

Question 1

Channel?

Answer 1

Part of the river occupied by the water itself

Question 2

Hydraulic Action?

Answer 2

Power of the volume of water moving in the river

Question 3

Abrasion?

Answer 3

Occurs when larger load carried by river hits the bed and banks, causing bits to break off

Question 4

Attrition?

Answer 4

Load carried by the river knocks other parts of load, so breaks bits off making it smoother and rounder

Question 5

Solution?

Answer 5

The dissolving of certain types of rock such as chalk and limestone (both erosion and transportation)

Question 6

Load?

Answer 6

Material carried by the river

Question 7

Traction?

Answer 7

Rolling along boulders and large rocks

Question 8

Saltation?

Answer 8

Bouncing movement of small stones and grains of sand along the river bed

Question 9

Suspension?

Answer 9

Small material carried within the river

Question 10

Long Profile?

Answer 10

Line representing the course of the river from source to mouth, and shows how the gradient changes along its course

Question 11

Cross Profile?

Answer 11

Cross sectional area

Question 12

Waterfall?

Answer 12

Sudden, vertical drop of a river along its course

Question 13

Gorge?

Answer 13

Narrow, steep-sided valley caused by the retreat of a waterfall

Question 14

Meander?

Answer 14

Bend in the river

Question 15

Oxbow Lake?

Answer 15

Semi-circular area that represents the former course of the meander

Question 16

Floodplain?

Answer 16

Flat area adjacent to the river channel, where water spills onto when the river bursts its banks

Question 17

Levees?

Answer 17

Raised banks along the course of the river in its lower course

Question 18

Discharge?

Answer 18

Volume of water at any given moment in the river

Question 19

Drainage Basin?

Answer 19

Area from which the river gets water

Question 20

Flood Hydrograph?

Answer 20

A line graph drawn to show the discharge of a river in the aftermath of a period of rain

Question 21

Relief?

Answer 21

Height and slope of the land

Question 22

Impermeable?

Answer 22

Rock that doesn’t allow water to soak into it

Question 23

Porous?

Answer 23

Rock that has spaces between particles

Question 24

Hard Engineering?

Answer 24

Use of technology in order to try and control rivers

Question 25

Soft Engineering?

Answer 25

Tries to work within the constraints of the natural river system

Question 26

Areas of Surplus?

Answer 26

Areas that have MORE water than is needed

Question 27

Areas of deficit?

Answer 27

Areas that don’t have enough water, caused by not enough rain falling