Water Management Flashcards
What does the term Controlled Waters mean?
It covers virtually all fresh and saline natural waters up to the UK’s offshore territorial limit, including streams, rivers, lochs, estuaries, coastal waters and groundwater
What are the 3 International Water conventions and a brief summary of what they do
UN Convention on Law of the Sea: provisions to prevent, reduce, control marine pollution from land and the marine industry
International Convention of Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL) 1978: self explanatory
OSPAR Convention 1992: Phasing out/reducing hazardous discharges into water
Which 2 SDG’s are most associated with Water Management?
6 Clean water and sanitation
14 Life below water
Summarise the Water Framework Directive
Water Framework Directive 2000
Holistic approach to water pollution control from various sources
Water management by river basin management planning
Freshwater, groundwater, estuaries, and water 1 mile out from the low water mark
Focuses on improved water environment using ecology for KPIs (key performance indicators)
It tied everything together, and integrated water management, brought planning to the process, from a scientific perspective
What are the 4 areas for the integrated objectives for each river basin unit? (Water Framework Directive 2000)
Protection for aquatic ecology
Specific protection for unique and valuable habitats
Protection of drinking water resources
Protection of bathing water
What is a central requirement of the Water Framework Directive 2000?
~central requirement is the environment must be protected to a high level in its entirety~
What are the Water Framework Directive 2000’s requirements for Surface Water?
Good ecological status
Good chemical status
What are the Water Framework Directive 2000’s requirements for Ground Water?
Assumption is its not polluted at all
Precautionary principle: direct discharges are prohibited
Give 2 requirements of member states under the Water Framework Directive 2000?
When and where did this need to be achieved by?
Reduce discharges of priority substances (a measurable target)
Promote sustainable water consumption
In all waters by 2015
What is the primary aim of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive?
To achieve good environmental status is all of Europe’s seas by 2020
What was the first EU legislation to protect ocean biodiversity? Why is this important?
The Marine Strategy Framework Directive
Lacks a fundamental human focus, ecosystem approach
What is the EC Water Blueprint?
Drives water policy until 2050
Ensure a sufficient quantity of good quality water is available for peoples needs, the economy and the environment throughout the EU
What are 4 key UK Water Acts?
Environmental Protection Act 1992
Water Resources Act 1991
Water Industry Act 1991
Environment Act 1995
What does section 85 say in the Water Resources Act 1991? Why is it important?
A person contravines this section if he causes or knowingly permits any poisonous, noxious, polluting matter or any solid waste matter to enter any controlled waters
It is strict liability criminal offence
Now covered in permitting regs
No need for proof of intent
What are 2 important UK regulations?
Pollution prevention control regulations 2000
Oil storage regulations 2001
