water main installation Flashcards
Distribution 1
for a given extraction in a specific soil there is a certain angle at which the surrounding soil will not slide or cave into the trench
angle of repose
material placed in the trench to create a suitable foundation for the pipe
bedding
soil that contains a lot of clay
cohesive soil
frost heaving is the expansion of frozen soil that can cause damage to water mains
frost heaving
fittings used to prevent pipe movement in locations where the use of a thrust block is not an option
restraining fitting
a framework that maintains pressure against both sides of the trench wall
shoring
a method of preventing a trench cave in by angling the sides of the trench and relying on the soils cohesive strength to prevent a cave in
sloping
a process where tightly spaced vertical planks are installed to form a solid barrier against the trench walls to prevent a cave in
sheeting
a steel framed box that is open at the top, bottom and ends used to protect workers from a trench cave in
shielding
the soil excavated from a trench
spoil
a large mass of concrete that is installed between the fitting being restrained and the undisturbed soil that surrounds it
thrust block
steel rods anchored in large masses of concrete that are attached to the pipe or fitting that is being restrained
thrust anchor
a variation of a restraining fitting that is used to restrain mechanical joint fittings when a thrust block cannot be used due to an obstruction
tie rod
process of laying pipe along a trench in preparation for installation
stringing
term used to describe compaction
haunching
