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EARTH SCIENCE > Water Cycle > Flashcards

Water Cycle Flashcards

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1
Q

the only planet where water in its liquid form exists

A

Earth

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2
Q

in other planets, water occurs in the form of _____ or _____

A

ice, vapor

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3
Q

as seen from space, what are the colors of the earth?

A

blue and white

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4
Q

why is earth blue and white?

A

because of water, snow, ice. and clouds on its surface

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5
Q

The part of the earth’s subsystem containing the oceans, lakes, streams, underground water, and snow and ice

A

hydrosphere

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6
Q

makes up about 71% of the earth’s surface.

A

hydrosphere

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7
Q

However, _______ is also present in other subsystems.

A

water

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8
Q

It exists as water vapor in the atmosphere, as an important constituent of minerals in the geosphere; and a fundamental component of living organisms in the biosphere.

A

water

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9
Q

The existence of _______ in the different subsystems is part of the hydrologic cycle.

A

water

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10
Q

also known as water cycle, is the movement of water around the Earth’s surface and its subsystems.

A

The hydrologic cycle

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11
Q

consists of interconnected pathways and reservoirs.

A

The hydrologic cycle

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12
Q

are the places where water resides for varying amount of time

A

Reservoirs

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13
Q

are the processes that allow water to move between reservoirs and subsystems

A

pathways

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14
Q

which maintains the total amount of water.

A

mass balance

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15
Q

may occur on a local scale, such as the occurrence of flood and drought, but these are balanced out on a global scale.

A

flunctuations

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16
Q

coming from the sun provides energy for the movement of water.

A

Heat

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17
Q

the process in which liquid water changes into vapor

A

evaporation

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18
Q

occurs in the oceans, surface water bodies, vegetation, and soil.

A

evaporation

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19
Q

About _____ of water vapor in the atmosphere evaporates from the _______

A

80%, ocean

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20
Q

the evaporation of water from the leaves and stems of plants, which contributes to about 10% of the water vapor in the atmosphere.

A

transpiration

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21
Q

in high altitudes, ice can directly transform into water vapor in a process called _________

A

sublimation

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22
Q

enters the atmosphere and moves with the flowing air.

A

water vapor

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23
Q

the change from vapor into liquid or solid, to occur.

A

condensation

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24
Q

group together and form clouds

A

water droplets

25
Q

When water. droplets or ice crystals in the clouds become large and heavy, ____________ occurs.

A

precipitation

26
Q

transfers water from the atmosphere to the Earth’s surface in liquid or solid form as rain, snow, or hail.

A

precipitation

27
Q

Rain that falls into the land surface penetrates the soil in a process called _________.

A

infiltration

28
Q

When the soil becomes saturated, rainwater may flow over land as __________ and will join other bodies of water such as streams, lakes, and oceans.

A

surface runoff

29
Q

Part of the water that infiltrates the ground will be stored as _____________, while some will be absorbed by plants or will directly evaporate.

A

groundwater

30
Q

usually remains on the ground for one or more seasons and eventually melts and contributes to the water in streams.

A

snow

31
Q

_______ is locked up as ice in glaciers for a long time

A

Water

32
Q

Given the right conditions, the ____________ will eventually melt, evaporate, and return to the oceans.

A

glaciers

33
Q

saltiness of saltwater

A

salinity

34
Q

stored in glaciers and situated in inaccessible areas such as the polar regions and high mountains

A

freshwater reservoir

35
Q

consists largely of recrystallized snow

A

glaciers

36
Q

a soil, rock, or sediment that is frozen for more than to consecutive years

A

permafrost

37
Q

the frozen ground varies in thickness from a few meters to about 150 m.

A

permafrost

38
Q

most of this is found in polar regions, although they may exist in high-altitude regions

A

permafrost

39
Q

include the streams, lakes, and wetlands where water from rainfall, melting snow and ice, and groundwater flows.

A

surface water

40
Q

They represent 0.3% of Earth’s total water resource

A

surface water

41
Q

This resource is harnessed for irrigation, recreation, transport, fishing, drinking, and hydropower.

A

surface water

42
Q

It has clearly-defined passageways called channels where particles and dissolved substances are transported

A

stream

43
Q

a stream with a considerable volume and a well-defined channel.

A

river

44
Q

are interconnected and form a tree-shaped network of small streams, making up the branches and joined to a large main stream or river, which comprise the trunk.

A

Streams

45
Q

Its upper surface is exposed to the atmosphere-and is essentially flat.

A

lakes

46
Q

forms in places where water collects in a low area (depression) and behind natural or humanmade dams.

A

lakes

47
Q

store 67% of the total surface and atmospheric water.

A

lakes

48
Q

It provides freshwater for irrigation, industrial, municipal, residential, and recreational purposes.

A

lakes

49
Q

could also be used as transportation routes.

A

lakes

50
Q

are biologically diverse environments filled with species that rely on both the land and water for survival.

A

wetlands

51
Q

It is also a fragile ecosystem that is sensitive to the amount and quality of water.

A

wetlands

52
Q

is a natural event in which an area that is usually dry is submerged under water.

A

flood

53
Q

usually occurs when the rate of precipitation is higher than the rate in which it could be absorbed by the ground of carried by streams.

A

flood

54
Q

can also occur even during dry periods when natural or humanmade reservoirs collapse.

A

flood

55
Q

may occur suddenly and recede quickly, while others lasts for few days to several weeks.

A

flood

56
Q

occurs at irregular intervals and varies in size, duration, and extent of affected area.

A

flood

57
Q

freshwater found in the rock and soil layers beneath the surface.

A

groundwater

58
Q

the largest reservoir of liquid freshwater on Earth.

A

groundwater

59
Q

It constitutes about 30.1% of the total freshwater on the planet.

A

groundwater

EARTH SCIENCE (11 decks)

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