Hydroelectric Energy

Question 1

it is essential to hydroelectric energy

Answer 1

gravity

Question 2

an object as rest in a higher elevation has a _______________

Answer 2

gravitational potential energy

Question 3

when the object moves to lower elevation, the potential energy is transformed into ____________

Answer 3

kinetic energy

Question 4

it is the power generated by the energy from falling water or fast running water

Answer 4

hydropower

Question 5

in the 19th century, hydropower was used to generate electricity called ___________

Answer 5

hydroelectricity

Question 6

in large rivers, these were built to allow water to move from higher to lower elevation

Answer 6

dams

Question 7

it is the height difference

Answer 7

head

Question 8

water enters the intake at the bottom of the reservoir and flows through a tunnel or large pipe called ___________

Answer 8

penstock

Question 9

water enters the intake at the bottom of the reservoir and flows through a tunnel or large pipe called penstock to reach the ____________

Answer 9

turbine

Question 10

this causes the turbine to rotate and generate electricity

Answer 10

water pressure

Question 11

when a reservoir is not in its full capacity even in high dams, the head is ___________

Answer 11

lower

Question 12

depending on the need for electricity, the amount of water entering the penstock can be controlled in the ____________

Answer 12

intake

Question 13

it is the largest hydroelectric dam in the Philippines

Answer 13

San Roque Dam in Pangasinan

Question 14

the height of San Roque Dam in Pangasinan

Answer 14

200 meters

Question 15

they can generate several hundred megawatts of electricity

Answer 15

large hydroelectric dams

Question 16

after a specific time, a reservoir will be filled of ___________

Answer 16

sediments

Question 17

environmental effects/ disadvantages of hydroelectric energy

Answer 17

• altering the river ecosystem
• displacing the communities living in the area that will be converted into a reservoir

Question 18

in recent years run-of-the-river power has become more common and generates 10 to 30 MW of electricity

Answer 18

small-scale hydropower

Question 19

further subdivided that can generate <500 kW

Answer 19

minihydro

Question 20

has <100 kW capacity

Answer 20

microhydro

Question 21

requirements for small-scale hydropower

Answer 21

sufficient flow and proper height of fall of water

Question 22

a diversion structure that is constructed along the stream to divert water and allow it to flow through a canal

Answer 22

weir

Question 23

a diversion structure that is constructed along the stream to divert water and allow it to flow through a canal called _______, into a forebay where sediments can settle

Answer 23

headrace

Question 24

made of steel pipes

Answer 24

penstock

Question 25

the difference in elevation of the high tide and low tide

Answer 25

large tidal range

Question 26

a dam that is built in the tidal inlet and water is allowed to enter during high tide

Answer 26

barrage

Question 27

the water in a barrage is then allowed to be released during ________ tide

Answer 27

low tide

Question 28

as the water flows, a ___________ installed at the bottom of the structure generates electricity

Answer 28

turbine

Question 29

advantages of hydroelectric energy

Answer 29

• used for irrigation
• fueled by water, making it a clean source of energy