Water + Carbon cycle Flashcards
What is a closed system?
Where there is no input or output changes, nothing added to the system
What is an open system?
When there are changes in the inputs and outputs of the systems
What is positive feedback?
When a system change causes further, or snowball effect, and continues to accelerate the change?
Where is water stored in the lithosphere?
The oceanic crust, stored within the rocks
Where is water stored in the hydrosphere?
Oceans, rivers, lakes
Where is water stored in the cryosphere?
Glaciers, ice sheets
Where is water stored in the atmosphere?
Clouds, water vapour, particles
How much water is stored in the cryosphere?
1.7%
How much water is stored in the cryosphere?
1.7%
How much water is stored in the hydrosphere?
96.5%
Some examples of water stores in the cryosphere?
ice sheets
glaciers
ice caps
permafrost
Some examples of terrestrial water stores
rivers
lakes
wet lands
What is the ITCZ?
Intertropical convergence zone
What are some examples of atmospheric processes?
Drizzle Snow Sleet Hail Frost
What are the 3 types of rainfall?
Convectional
Frontal
Relief
What word is used to describe melting ice sheets?
Ablation
What is the word used to describe the build up of ice sheets?
Accumulation
Whats a hill slope drainage basin?
Local, small scale basin
One part of a large drainage basin
What is the water balance?
Soil moisture budget
What does the soil water budget show?
Describes the changes in the soil water levels throughout the year
Whats organic carbon?
Fond in living matter and organisms such as plants
Where is inorganic carbon stored?
Sedimentary rocks
Non living things
What are some examples of carbon compounds?
CO2
Methane
Calcium carbonate
Where does carbon come from?
Escapes at destructive boundaries
Whats the main store of carbon?
Cryosphere
What are peat bogs?
Undecayed organic matter found in boggy areas
What processes change stores over time?
Phototsynthesis
Respiration
Decomposition
Carbon Sequention
What processes move carbon in a tree?
Takes carbon in by photosynthesis
Released through respiration
Some released through decomposers
What type of correlation is there between water temp and carbon levels?
Negative
Diffusion moves carbon from the …… to the ……
Atmosphere to the ocean
Carbon diffusion levels determine the ……. levels of the oceans
Acidity
What is downwelling?
Carries carbon molecules down to deep depths of the oceans
What human activities influence carbon levels?
Hydrocarbon fuel extraction
Cement manufacture
Farming
What is carbon sequestration?
Capturing CO2 from the atmosphere and moving it into long term storage
What is geological sequestration?
CO2 is captured at the source, eg power plants and injected in liquid form into stores underground
What is biological sequestration?
Involves plants to capture CO2 and store carbon in the roots, stems and soil
