Water and Life Flashcards
Polar covalent bond results in….
differing charges seen at regions of the molecule
Hydrogen bonds result from ….
unequal sharing
With a ____ # of hydrogen bonds the _____ becomes _____
large; strength: additive
The ______ of hydrogen bonds is what is responsible for ______ properties
abundance; water
Hydrogen bonds are ….
transient ( do not persist for long periods of time)
In H2O the oxygen is …
partial negative
In H2O the hydrogens are …
partial positive
The four emergent properties of water are….
1) cohesive behavior
2) ability to moderate temperature
3) Expansion upon freezing
4) Versatility as a solvent
In a solid state water is organized as a …
crystal lattice structure
In a solid state the maximum amount of hydrogen bonds water can form is…
4
In a gaseous state no _____ can form and there is more _____
hydrogen bonds; kinetic energy
In a liquid state for water there is a moderate amount of ____ and ____ hydrogen bonds can be formed
kinetic energy; 3.4
Hydrogen bonds allow for ….
Adhesion
Adhesion is the…
interaction of a water molecule with something else + needs to have a charged region
___ water moving freely allows for _____ to take place
Liquid; cohesion
Cohesion is …
the ability of water to interact with other water which causes them to stick together ( water to interact with each other)
Adhesion + cohesion allow for ______ within plants and is _____ then gravity
directional movement; gravity
Cohesion produces____
surface tension
Surface Tension is….
the measure of how difficult it is to break the surface of the liquid
Surface tension occurs due to the water molecules at the surface being ______ to _______ then other molecules
more attracted; each other
Water can ____ + ____ large amounts of heat with only a _____ to its own temperature
release + absorb; slight change
The slight change in water temp is due to more ___ needed to break ____
energy; hydrogen bonds
Specific heat is…
The amount of heat 1 gram of substance must absorb or loose to change its temp by 1C
Water has ____ specific heat
high
When heat is ______ H bonds ____
absorbed; break
When heat is _____ H Bonds _____
released; formed
The ___ specific heat of water is going to ______ temperature fluctuations to stay within limits of ______
high; minimize; viability
The high specific heat of water prevents the ______ from getting _____ to quickly
body; hot
Evaporation is….
the transformation of a substance from a liquid to a gas
In water vapor far more ______ occur + ____ of H Bonding
collisoins; absence
From Liquid to gas there is ____ KE to cause _____ between H bonds
enough; dissociation
Heat of Vaporization is…
the amount of energy required to change 1 gram of a substance from a liquid to a gas
The evaporation of body heat ____ the body + prevents _____ to preserve _______
cools; overheating; biochemical reactions
The crystal lattice structure allows for ____ to be more _____, therefore the _____ is less dense then _____
H bonds; far apart; solid; liquid
Expansion upon freezing allows for ____ to float, water to freeze from ____ to ____, allows for _______ to survive
ice; top; bottom; living organisms
Water is a ____ solvent because of its _____
versitile; polarity
Water will gather around a _____ molecule to form a ______
charged; hydration shell
A solution has a _________ of contents within that vessel
uniform distribution
An aqueous solution is …
a solution with water as the solvent
What is this image depicting ?
Hydration of sodium
What is this image depicting ?
Hydration of chloride
Water can also dissolve ________ due to the _____ regions in their structure
large soluble proteins; polar
If their are ___ properties or ___ properties then a molecule is considered _____, which can _____ with water molecules
polar; ionic; hydrophilic; interact
Hydrophilic
affinity for water
Hydrophobic
no affinity for water
The breaking of bonds is referred to as ____, which can shift properties to either be more _____ or _____
ionization; acidic; basic
The effects of pH
1) effect shape + function
2) rate of chemical reaction
3) ability for molecule to successfully interact or bind
4) ability for ions to dissolve in water
pH for blood is _____ ,it is _______
7.35-7.45, slightly alkaline
Buffers are…
substances that can minimize changes in concentrations of hydrogen ions or hydroxide ions within a solution
Buffers can ____ the pH in our ____ and is a mechanism to ______ shifts in _______
maintain; blood; counteract; either direction
Buffers can ____ H ions when ____ is added
release; base
Buffers can _____ H ions when ____ is added
Absorb; acid
Buffers are ______ exhaustive
not
