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Biology 100 > Water and Life > Flashcards

Water and Life Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Polar covalent bond results in….

A

differing charges seen at regions of the molecule

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2
Q

Hydrogen bonds result from ….

A

unequal sharing

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3
Q

With a ____ # of hydrogen bonds the _____ becomes _____

A

large; strength: additive

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4
Q

The ______ of hydrogen bonds is what is responsible for ______ properties

A

abundance; water

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5
Q

Hydrogen bonds are ….

A

transient ( do not persist for long periods of time)

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6
Q

In H2O the oxygen is …

A

partial negative

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7
Q

In H2O the hydrogens are …

A

partial positive

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8
Q

The four emergent properties of water are….

A

1) cohesive behavior
2) ability to moderate temperature
3) Expansion upon freezing
4) Versatility as a solvent

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9
Q

In a solid state water is organized as a …

A

crystal lattice structure

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10
Q

In a solid state the maximum amount of hydrogen bonds water can form is…

A

4

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11
Q

In a gaseous state no _____ can form and there is more _____

A

hydrogen bonds; kinetic energy

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12
Q

In a liquid state for water there is a moderate amount of ____ and ____ hydrogen bonds can be formed

A

kinetic energy; 3.4

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13
Q

Hydrogen bonds allow for ….

A

Adhesion

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14
Q

Adhesion is the…

A

interaction of a water molecule with something else + needs to have a charged region

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15
Q

___ water moving freely allows for _____ to take place

A

Liquid; cohesion

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16
Q

Cohesion is …

A

the ability of water to interact with other water which causes them to stick together ( water to interact with each other)

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17
Q

Adhesion + cohesion allow for ______ within plants and is _____ then gravity

A

directional movement; gravity

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18
Q

Cohesion produces____

A

surface tension

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19
Q

Surface Tension is….

A

the measure of how difficult it is to break the surface of the liquid

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20
Q

Surface tension occurs due to the water molecules at the surface being ______ to _______ then other molecules

A

more attracted; each other

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21
Q

Water can ____ + ____ large amounts of heat with only a _____ to its own temperature

A

release + absorb; slight change

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22
Q

The slight change in water temp is due to more ___ needed to break ____

A

energy; hydrogen bonds

23
Q

Specific heat is…

A

The amount of heat 1 gram of substance must absorb or loose to change its temp by 1C

24
Q

Water has ____ specific heat

A

high

25
Q

When heat is ______ H bonds ____

A

absorbed; break

26
Q

When heat is _____ H Bonds _____

A

released; formed

27
Q

The ___ specific heat of water is going to ______ temperature fluctuations to stay within limits of ______

A

high; minimize; viability

28
Q

The high specific heat of water prevents the ______ from getting _____ to quickly

A

body; hot

29
Q

Evaporation is….

A

the transformation of a substance from a liquid to a gas

30
Q

In water vapor far more ______ occur + ____ of H Bonding

A

collisoins; absence

31
Q

From Liquid to gas there is ____ KE to cause _____ between H bonds

A

enough; dissociation

32
Q

Heat of Vaporization is…

A

the amount of energy required to change 1 gram of a substance from a liquid to a gas

33
Q

The evaporation of body heat ____ the body + prevents _____ to preserve _______

A

cools; overheating; biochemical reactions

34
Q

The crystal lattice structure allows for ____ to be more _____, therefore the _____ is less dense then _____

A

H bonds; far apart; solid; liquid

35
Q

Expansion upon freezing allows for ____ to float, water to freeze from ____ to ____, allows for _______ to survive

A

ice; top; bottom; living organisms

36
Q

Water is a ____ solvent because of its _____

A

versitile; polarity

37
Q

Water will gather around a _____ molecule to form a ______

A

charged; hydration shell

38
Q

A solution has a _________ of contents within that vessel

A

uniform distribution

39
Q

An aqueous solution is …

A

a solution with water as the solvent

40
Q

What is this image depicting ?

A

Hydration of sodium

41
Q

What is this image depicting ?

A

Hydration of chloride

42
Q

Water can also dissolve ________ due to the _____ regions in their structure

A

large soluble proteins; polar

43
Q

If their are ___ properties or ___ properties then a molecule is considered _____, which can _____ with water molecules

A

polar; ionic; hydrophilic; interact

44
Q

Hydrophilic

A

affinity for water

45
Q

Hydrophobic

A

no affinity for water

46
Q

The breaking of bonds is referred to as ____, which can shift properties to either be more _____ or _____

A

ionization; acidic; basic

47
Q

The effects of pH

A

1) effect shape + function
2) rate of chemical reaction
3) ability for molecule to successfully interact or bind
4) ability for ions to dissolve in water

48
Q

pH for blood is _____ ,it is _______

A

7.35-7.45, slightly alkaline

49
Q

Buffers are…

A

substances that can minimize changes in concentrations of hydrogen ions or hydroxide ions within a solution

50
Q

Buffers can ____ the pH in our ____ and is a mechanism to ______ shifts in _______

A

maintain; blood; counteract; either direction

51
Q

Buffers can ____ H ions when ____ is added

A

release; base

52
Q

Buffers can _____ H ions when ____ is added

A

Absorb; acid

53
Q

Buffers are ______ exhaustive

A

not

Biology 100 (5 decks)

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