Water and fat soluble hormones

Question 1

What is a hormone?

Answer 1

A chemical messenger that regulates activities in target cells, i.e. cells that possess receptors that the hormone can bind to

Question 2

How do target cells respond to hormones?

Answer 2

Hormones bind to receptors found either on or within the cell in order to elicit a response within the cell.

Question 3

Water soluble hormones _____ cross cell membranes, so act on receptors that are on the _____ _____ _____

Answer 3

Cannot

Cell surface membrane

Question 4

When water soluble hormones bind to receptors on the cell surface, a series of _____ _____ occur which results in _____ of a signal, leading to response from the target cell.

Answer 4

Intracellular events

Amplification

Question 5

Water soluble hormones can be _____ transported in blood.

Answer 5

Freely

Question 6

Lipid soluble hormones can _____ the cell and through action of binding to a _____ in the cells cytoplasm and creating a _____-_____ _____ can bind to DNA and influence transcription of specific genes, causes the synthesis of specific proteins.

Answer 6

Enter
Receptor
Hormone-receptor complex

Question 7

Lipid soluble hormones circulate in blood _____ to _____. These can either be specific or non-specific.

Answer 7

Bound

Proteins

Question 8

What are specific proteins called that hormones bind to?

Answer 8

Globulins

Question 9

What are non-specific proteins that hormones bind to?

Answer 9

Albumins

Question 10

What type of molecule is ADH?

Answer 10

Peptide

Question 11

Where is ADH produced?

Answer 11

Hypothalamus

Question 12

Where do ADH act?

Answer 12

DT and CD of kidneys

Question 13

Is ADH water or lipid soluble?

Answer 13

Water

Question 14

What type of molecules is aldosterone?

Answer 14

Mineralcorticoid

Question 15

Where is aldosterone produced?

Answer 15

Zona glomerulosa in the adrenal cortex

Question 16

Where does aldosterone act?

Answer 16

DT and CD of kidneys

Question 17

Is aldosterone lipid or water soluble?

Answer 17

Lipid

Question 18

What biochemical class is angiotensin II?

Answer 18

Peptide

Question 19

Where is angiotensin II produced?

Answer 19

Plasma

Question 20

Where does angiotensin II act?

Answer 20

Blood vessels and in the PT of the kidney

Question 21

Is angiotensin II water or lipid soluble?

Answer 21

Water

Question 22

What biochemical class is renin?

Answer 22

Protein (enzyme)

Question 23

Where is renin produced?

Answer 23

Juxtoglomerular cells in the kidney

Question 24

Where does renin act?

Answer 24

Plasma to convert angiotensinogen to angtiotensin I

Question 25

Is renin water or fat soluble?

Answer 25

Water

Question 26

What biochemical class is erythropoietin?

Answer 26

Glycoprotein

Question 27

Where is EPO produced?

Answer 27

Interstitial cells in the renal cortex

Question 28

Where does EPO act?

Answer 28

Bone marrow

Question 29

Is EPO lipid or water soluble?

Answer 29

Water

Question 30

What biochemical class are norepinepherine and epinepherine are from?

Answer 30

Catecholamines

Question 31

Where are norepinepherine and epinerpherine produced?

Answer 31

Adrenal cortex, zona fasiculata

Question 32

Where do norepinpherine and epinepherine act?

Answer 32

Many different tissue

Question 33

Are epinepherine and norepinepherine water or lipid soluble?

Answer 33

Water

Question 34

What biochemical class does endothelin belong to?

Answer 34

Peptide

Question 35

Where is endothelin produced?

Answer 35

Endothelium of blood vessels

Question 36

Where does endothelin act?

Answer 36

Blood vessels?

Question 37

Is endothelin water or lipid soluble?

Answer 37

Water