water and carbon cycle

Question 1

what are the natural systems

Answer 1

teh energy balance, the water cycle, the active atmosphere, the ocean in motion, the carbon cycle, the nitrogen cycle, the rock cycle.

Question 2

what is the energy balance

Answer 2

the earth gets all of it energy from the sun and loses energy into space. if more energy is lost into space than is received from the sun, the planet gets cooler. if it loses less energy than it recieves, the planet will warm up.

Question 3

what is the the active atmosphere

Answer 3

the atmosphere, a thin blanket of gases that surrounds earth, transports heat and water and filter out deadly ultraviolet radiation and is constantly on the move.

Question 4

what is the ocean in motion

Answer 4

the ocean water is in motion because of differences in tmperature and saltines. water is warmed at the sea surface near the equator moves towards the chilly poles. cold, salty currents flow into the deepest part of the sea.

Question 5

what is the nitrogen cycle

Answer 5

80% of the air in our atmosphere is made of nitrogen. your body gets the nitrogen it needs to grow.

Question 6

what is the rock cycle

Answer 6

over many thousands of years, energy from the sun moves thw wind and water at the earths surface with enough force to break rocks apart into sand and othr types of sediment.

Question 7

water cycle stages

Answer 7

evaporation from oceans > condensation in the clouds > precipitation from clouds > surface and underground runoff into oceans

Question 8

grennhouse affect stages

Answer 8

short wave radiation (uv rays) from the sun to the earth > long wave radiation reflected > greenhouse gases (CO2, Methane) absorb heat

Question 9

what are the earths systems

Answer 9

atmosphere, hydrosphere, cryosphere, geosphere, pedosphere, biosphere, magnetosphere, lithosphere

Question 10

lithosphere def

Answer 10

rocky, rigid outermost shell and crust portion of the upper mantle.

Question 11

what are the 2 types of lithosphere

Answer 11

oceanic lithosphere and continenta lithosphere

Question 12

hydrosphere def

Answer 12

combined mass of water found on, under and above the surface of a planet.

Question 13

what is the hydrological cycle

Answer 13

the hydrological cycle transfers water from one state or reservior to another. solar energy in the form heat light and gravity cause the transfers over periods of hours to thousnads of years

Question 14

what is the biosphere

Answer 14

the global sum of all ecosystems. it can also be terned as the zone of life on earth

Question 15

changing phase def

Answer 15

when a substance changes from one state to another.

Question 16

what is sublimation

Answer 16

the evpouration from snow or ice.

Question 17

what is transpiration

Answer 17

the expiration of water through the minute pores or stomata of trees.

Question 18

what is evaporation

Answer 18

when a liquid becomes vapour. caused by solar radiation. it is a cooling process as it removes heat from the surroundings.

Question 19

what are the factors that affect evaporation

Answer 19

amount of solar energy, availability if water, humididty of air and temperature of air.

Question 20

what is condensation

Answer 20

as air cools it is able to hold less water. i it sool enough it becoms ‘saturated’ this is called dew point. the excess water is converted into liquid water (condensation). it is a warming proccess as it releases heat into the surroundings.

Question 21

what is latent heat

Answer 21

energy released or absorbed by a substance durig a change in physical state (phase)

Question 22

earths major water stores

Answer 22

atmospheric water, cryospheric water, oceanic water and terrestrial water

Question 23

atmospheric water def

Answer 23

water found in the atmosphere; mainly water vapour with some liquid water (clouds and rain and droplets) and ice crystals

Question 24

cryospheric water def

Answer 24

the water locked up on earth surface as ice

Question 25

oceanic water def

Answer 25

the water contained in earths oceans and seas

Question 26

terrestrial water def

Answer 26

this consists of groundwater, soil moisture, lakes, wetlands and rivers