Water and Carbon

Question 1

What two elements make up water?

Answer 1

hydrogen and oxygen

Question 2

Is water polar or nonpolar?

Answer 2

Polar

Question 3

Polar

Answer 3

When atoms share their electrons unequally

Question 4

Nonpolar

Answer 4

When atoms share their electrons equally

Question 5

Hydrogen bonds

Answer 5

When two hydrogen atoms bond from a hydrogen to an oxygen.

Question 6

A single…

Answer 6

hydrogen bond is weaker than a covalent bond. however, a group of hydrogen bonds is strong

Question 7

solution

Answer 7

liquid mixture consisting of two or more substances

Question 8

solvent

Answer 8

liquid (dissolving agent)

Question 9

solute

Answer 9

substance dissolved

Question 10

Since water is polar,

Answer 10

it won’t dissolve anything nonpolar

Question 11

hydrophobic

Answer 11

“water hating” don’t mix with water

Question 12

cohesion

Answer 12

water molecules stick together due to “hydrogen bonding”

Question 13

adhesion

Answer 13

water molecules stick to other things

Question 14

capillary action

Answer 14

movement of liquid through a narrow passage or substance.

Result of cohesion and adhesion. Allows water movement

Question 15

high specific heat

Answer 15

amount of heat a substance needs for a given increase in temperature

Question 16

high heat of vaporization

Answer 16

it takes a lot of energy to turn heat into water

evaporation produces the cooling effect

Question 17

the ocean

Answer 17

regulates the earth’s temperature

Question 18

ice is…

Answer 18

less dense than water

Question 19

water expands…

Answer 19

when it freezes

Question 20

alkane

Answer 20

compounds of C and H that are only single bonded

Question 21

alkene

Answer 21

compounds of C and H that have at least one double bond

Question 22

alkyne

Answer 22

compounds of C and H that have at least one triple bond

Question 23

functional groups

Answer 23

Functional groups are groups of atoms that give a molecule its characteristic properties.

Question 24

4 major compounds crucial for life

Answer 24

carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.

Question 25

hydrocarbon

Answer 25

the basic skeletons of organic molecules, are composed of hydrogen and carbon

Question 26

organic compound

Answer 26

chemicals based on the element carbon.

Question 27

inorganic compound

Answer 27

chemicals that are NOT based on carbon.

Question 28

five functional groups

Answer 28

hydroxyl, carbonyl, carboxyl, amino, phosphate

Question 29

how many bonds does a hydrogen atom form?

Answer 29

1 bond

Question 30

how many bonds does a carbon atom form?

Answer 30

4 bonds

Question 31

methane

Answer 31

has 1 carbon atom

Question 32

ethane

Answer 32

has 2 carbon atoms

Question 33

propane

Answer 33

has 3 carbon atoms

Question 34

butane

Answer 34

has 4 carbon atoms

Question 35

pentane

Answer 35

has 5 carbon atoms