Water and Carbon Flashcards
What two elements make up water?
hydrogen and oxygen
Is water polar or nonpolar?
Polar
Polar
When atoms share their electrons unequally
Nonpolar
When atoms share their electrons equally
Hydrogen bonds
When two hydrogen atoms bond from a hydrogen to an oxygen.
A single…
hydrogen bond is weaker than a covalent bond. however, a group of hydrogen bonds is strong
solution
liquid mixture consisting of two or more substances
solvent
liquid (dissolving agent)
solute
substance dissolved
Since water is polar,
it won’t dissolve anything nonpolar
hydrophobic
“water hating” don’t mix with water
cohesion
water molecules stick together due to “hydrogen bonding”
adhesion
water molecules stick to other things
capillary action
movement of liquid through a narrow passage or substance.
Result of cohesion and adhesion. Allows water movement
high specific heat
amount of heat a substance needs for a given increase in temperature
high heat of vaporization
it takes a lot of energy to turn heat into water
evaporation produces the cooling effect
the ocean
regulates the earth’s temperature
ice is…
less dense than water
water expands…
when it freezes
alkane
compounds of C and H that are only single bonded
alkene
compounds of C and H that have at least one double bond
alkyne
compounds of C and H that have at least one triple bond
functional groups
Functional groups are groups of atoms that give a molecule its characteristic properties.
4 major compounds crucial for life
carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
