Water & Air Flashcards

1
Q

Treatment of water

A
  • Filtration
    Water filtered through sand, gravel and coarse sand to remove impurities
  • Chlorination
    Bubbled into water to kill bacteria
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1
Q

Tests for water

A
  • Cobalt Chloride paper
    Blue to Pink
  • Copper Sulfate paper
    White to Blue
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2
Q

Composition of Air

A

78% Nitrogen
21% Oxygen
0.004% Carbon Dioxide
Noble gases, water vapor & stuff

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3
Q

Common Air Pollutants

A

Carbon Monoxide, Sulfur Dioxide & Nitrogen Oxides

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4
Q

Carbon Monoxide

A

Source: Incomplete combustion of carbon e.g engines
Effect: Binds with haemoglobin, restrict oxygen in cells

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5
Q

Sulfur Dioxide

A

Source: Hydrocarbons burned with sulfur compounds e.g fossil fuel
Effect: Acid rain

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6
Q

Nitrogen Oxides

A

Source: Reaction of N2 & O2 e.g car engines
Effect: acid rain, respiratory problems

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7
Q

Condition for rusting

A

Water & Oxygen

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8
Q

Barrier method (Galvanizing)

A
  • Iron is protected through a layer of zinc through electroplating by dipping into molten zinc
  • ZnCO3 forms when zinc reacts with oxygen & carbon dioxide & iron is protected through barrier method
  • If coating is damaged, iron’s still protected by sacrificial protection
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9
Q

How to reduce emissions

A
  • Low sulfur gas
  • flue-gas desulfurization
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10
Q

Catalytic converter

A
  • In car exhausts
  • Transition metal catalysts of platinum & rhodium
  • Aids neutralization of pollutants by incomplete fuel combustion

2NO + 2CO -> N2 + 2CO2

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11
Q

Sacrificial Protection

A
  • Attach a more reactive metal to a less reactive one
  • More reactive one will oxidize & corrode first, protecting the less reactive one
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