Water Flashcards

1
Q

The dramatic temperature changes on the moon between day and night are not seen on the earth because of what property of water?

A

high heat capacity

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2
Q

In secondary treatment of sewage, which removes organic matter?

A

aerobic bacteria

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3
Q

The saltiness of the oceans is

A

constant

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4
Q

Charcoal filtration of wastewater is an excellent method for the removal of

A

organic molecules

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5
Q

All of the following statements are true of hard water EXCEPT

A

A) charcoal filtration.
B) sand and gravel filtration.*
C) reverse osmosis.
D) phytoremediation.

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6
Q

The majority of fresh water is found in

A

polar ice caps

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7
Q

Primary sewage treatment involves

A

settling

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8
Q

Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD). is a measure of the amount of

A

oxygen required to degrade organic material in the water.

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9
Q

Water use is an important aspect of water conservation. For drinking purposes the average adult needs to consume about

A

1.5 L/day.

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10
Q

Advanced treatment of wastewater can include any of the following EXCEPT

A

A) charcoal filtration.
B) sand and gravel filtration.*
C) reverse osmosis.
D) phytoremediation.

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11
Q

One of the potential problems with chlorination of waste water is that it

A

produces low levels of chlorinated hydrocarbons.

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12
Q

Aerobic decomposition of organic matter requires

A

oxygen

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13
Q

The most serious threat to human health from water supplies is

A

bacteria

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14
Q

A major source of groundwater contamination is leaking underground storage tanks. Most of these tanks once held

A

gasoline

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15
Q

Which of the following is NOT a property of water?

A

A) It has a high specific heat.
B) It has a higher density in the liquid state than in the solid state.
C) It has a lower density than most liquids do.*
D) It dissolves most ionic substances.

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16
Q

One of the advantages of treating sewage effluent with ozone as opposed to chlorine is

A

O3 provides a residual protection against bacteria.
B) O3 is less expensive.
C) O3 is more effective in killing viruses.*
D) O3 is more effective in killing bacteria.

17
Q

Which part of the water supply is most isolated from the purifying capacity of the water cycle?

A

groundwater

18
Q

Approximately what fraction of the earth’s surface is covered with water?

19
Q

A major contaminant in well water in many agricultural areas is

20
Q

At any given time, what proportion of the world’s hospital beds are occupied by people with waterborne diseases?

21
Q

The Clean Water Act has had no impact on water quality over the past two decades.

22
Q

Heat of vaporization is the amount of heat required to

A

evaporate a liquid

23
Q

Anaerobic degradation of organic material in water systems occurs in the absence of

A

dissolved oxygen

24
Q

Rainwater is

A

slightly acidic because it reacts with dissolved CO2 gas

25
What percentage of water on the earth is seawater, and hence, unfit for drinking?
98%
26
Which pollutant may cause methemoglobinemia (blue baby syndrome)?
nitrates
27
The major use of water in the United States is for personal consumption.
false
28
Bottled water is becoming an increasingly popular drink in the United States. Which of the following statements about bottled water is true?
The testing of bottled water is generally less rigorous than the testing of municipal water supplies
29
Municipal water supplies are generally treated either with chlorine or with ozone. Which of the following statements is true?
Ozone kills both bacteria and viruses
30
You can live for weeks without food, but only days without water
true
31
Which of the following uses the greatest amount of water in the United States?
cooling for electric power plants
32
Secondary treatment of sewage involves
filtering and aeration
33
Ppm and ppb are
concentration units
34
Aeration of drinking water
A) improves flavor. B) increases dissolved air. C) removes odors. D) does all of the above.*
35
Most of the water available on the earth's surface is potable
false