Food & additives Flashcards
It is estimated that over ________ of adults in the United States are overweight.
65%
Lipoproteins are classified by
density
Vitamins are specific organic compounds that are required in the diet to
prevent deficiency diseases
Most fats are
triglycerides
High-density lipoprotein is often called “good cholesterol” because it
transports cholesterol to the liver where it is processed and excreted
A 2000 Calorie per day diet should contain not more than ________ grams of saturated fat
22
When oil and water are mixed vigorously, the oil is broken up into tiny droplets that are dispersed throughout the water. This dispersed mixture is a(n)
emulsion
Complete (adequate) protein contains
all the essential amino acids
The body stores a relatively small amount of excess glucose as
glycogen
A deficiency of vitamin A may cause
blindness
In the late stages of extended starvation or fast, the body uses what as a source of energy?
protein
Low-density lipoproteins are the blood carriers of
cholesterol
The first step in the hydrolysis of fats is splitting them into fatty acids and
glycerol
Fiber in the diet may do all of the following EXCEPT
A) delay stomach emptying.
B) increase the number of calories absorbed.*
C) prevent constipation.
D) lower cholesterol levels.
Hydrolysis means
broken down by water
Compared to normal corn syrup, high fructose corn syrup is
sweeter
Which does NOT provide a complete protein?
A) eggs
B) soy protein*
C) meat
D) cheese
The body stores most excess glucose as
fat
Vitamins can be grouped into two broad categories
fat soluble and water soluble
From your body’s perspective, glucose is
a fuel
Saturated fats have
primarily CC bonds.
A disease or condition that vitamin C is known to cure is
scurvy
Persons with lactose intolerance
lack the enzyme for the breakdown of lactose
Cholesterol does not occur in
coconut oil
Arteriosclerosis is a condition affecting the
arteries
Fat soluble vitamins are
stored in the body
Excess intake of sodium chloride (salt) can cause
hypertension
Fats and cholesterol are carried in the blood by association with
lipoproteins
Proteins are polymers of
amino acids
Which of the following is NOT a good source of dietary fiber?
A) glycogen*
B) gums
C) pectins
D) cellulose
Low-density lipoprotein is often called “bad cholesterol” because it
delivers cholesterol to the cells where it may be deposited in arteries.
The class of foods that has the highest caloric value is
fats
Kwashiorkor is a disease caused by
extreme lack of protein and vitamins
What proportion of the human body is water?
≈ 2/3
Which of the following is required for the transport of oxygen by hemoglobin?
iron(II) ions (Fe2+)
People who do not eat meat or other animal products can obtain all the essential amino acids most effectively by
eating combinations of foods that supply complementary proteins
Complex carbohydrates are essentially polymers of
glucose
Amino acids that are not synthesized by the human body and must be obtained in food sources are called
essential amino acids
Which class of nutrients in itself does not provide any energy to the human body?
minerals
Animal starch is
glycogen
