Organic chem & polymers Flashcards
When wood is heated in the absence of air, the wood is destructively distilled and condensed to a liquid mixture. The primary component of this mixture is
Methanol
What is the name of the compound that has the formula CH3CH3?
Ethane
The compound with the formula, CHCl3, was used as an anesthetic in earlier times, but has been found to have some serious side effects. The compound is called
Chloroform
Aldehydes and ketones share a common functional group. The group is the
Carbonyl group
Carbon is almost always
Tetravalent
The compound formed by the reaction of a carboxylic acid with an alcohol is a(n)
Ester
Alcohols are characterized by which functional group?
Hydroxyl
Compounds that have two alkyl groups attached to an oxygen atom are called
Ethers
A bottle of an alcoholic beverage is labelled as “60 proof.” The percentage of ethanol by volume in this alcoholic beverage is
30%
The formula of benzene is
C6H6
Ethanol acts as a mild
Depressant
The -COOH group represents the
carboxyl group
The compounds CH3CH3 and CH3CH2CH3 are
homologs
Compounds with a hydroxyl group attached directly to a benzene ring are called
Phenols
The main ingredient in most antifreezes is
Ethylene glycol
Acetylene is
C2H2
Alkanes are often called
Saturated hydrocarbons
Esters are often used as
Fragrances
Approximately what percentage of known compounds are classified as organic compounds?
About 95%
The functional group of the organic acids is the
Carboxyl group
Phenols are often used as
Disinfectants
Organic chemistry is most broadly defined as
The chemistry of the compounds of carbon
The polymer segment ~CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2~ represents
Polyethylene
Compounds with the same number and kinds of atoms but with different structures are known as
Isomers
LDPE
Low-density polyethylene
The parts of organic molecules that give compounds characteristic chemical and physical properties are known as
Functional groups
The unique aspect of a saturated hydrocarbon is that it must contain
Only single bonds
Excessive ingestion of ethanol over a long period may cause
deterioration of the liver, physiological addiction, memory loss
The hydrocarbon that is used in torches along with oxygen to produce very hot flames for cutting and welding is
Acetylene
Organic compounds that contain a benzene ring or possess certain properties similar to those of benzene are called ________ compounds.
Aromatic
Many of the flavors isolated from foods are
Esters
What is the name of the compound with a formula CH3CH2CH3?
Propane
Which of the following families of organic compounds does NOT contain an oxygen atom?
Amine
Glycerol is an alcohol with ________ hydroxyl groups
Three (3)
Name a naturally occurring polymer
Starch
A polymer that conducts electricity is
Polyacetylene
When a bee stings, one of the compounds it injects is
Formic acid
The chemical formula of cyclopropane is
C3H6
Which of the following is an alkyne?
Propyne
