Water Flashcards
How much water loss is fatal?
12% (Dehydration is fatal)
What are 3 sources of water?
- Drinking water ~ liquid water
- Water in feed ~ their food
- Metabolic water ~ water from metabolic processes occurring in the body
What are 3 properties of water that aid animal life?
- High dielectric constant
- High specific heat
- High latent heat of vaporization
Explain the importance of High Dielectric Constant to the animal, and give an example.
High polarity of the molecule
Water dissolves many things
Explain the importance of High Latent Heat of Vaporization to the animal , and give an example.
Takes a lot of energy to change water from liquid into vapor
Results in lots of heat removes when sweat evaporates OR moisture-laden air is exhaled
Explain the importance of High Specific Heat to the animal, and give an example.
Takes a lot of heat to change temperature
Helps maintain proper body temp
Which physical principle is working to help cool a dog when it pants?
high latent heat of vaporization so the dog is cooling himself by transferring water out of the body in vapor form in exhaled breath keeping the dog from hyperventilating
Which physical principle is working to help move nutrients to the cells?
High dielectric constant
What are the major functions of water for animals?
Functions:
– Movement of nutrients and metabolites
–Constant body temp
–Media for chemical reactions
–Takes part in chemical reactions
What are the consequences of too little water?
Dehydration = death
Why is water such a good substance for maintaining constant body temperature?
High specific heat
How does water help maintain constant body temperature?
High specific heat
In what circumstance is metabolic water important in animals?
Important to hibernation animals and water conserving animals
Which factors affect H2O requirements?
Species
Environmental temp
Protein, salt, and dry matter intake
Lactation
Age
Activity
Rate and composition of gain
Health
What are the effects of water restriction?
Decrease in food intake and production
Hemoconcentration
Increase heart rate
Increase temperature
Increase respiration rate
Death
