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C3 > Water > Flashcards

Water Flashcards

0
Q

Detailing amount of substance in a chemical

A

Quantitative analysis

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1
Q

Detailing the kind of substance in a sample

A

Qualitative analysis

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2
Q

Negative ion

A

Anions

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3
Q

Positive ion

A

Cation

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4
Q

Calcium flame colour

A

Brick red

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5
Q

Sodium flame colour

A

Yellow

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6
Q

Potassium flame colour

A

Lilac

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7
Q

Copper flame colour

A

Green/blue

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8
Q

Identifying ions with precipitation

A

Add naoh
Because many metal hydroxides are insoluble
Precipitation occurs
Precipitate formed identifies ion

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9
Q

Precipitate from NaOH and aluminium

A

White

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10
Q

Precipitate from NaOH and calcium

A

White

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11
Q

Precipitate from NaOH and copper

A

Pale blue

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12
Q

Precipitate from NaOH and iron (II)

A

Green

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13
Q

Precipitate from NaOH and iron (III)

A

Brown (rust)

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14
Q

Distinguishing calcium and aluminium

A

Excess NaOH
Aluminium redissolves to form Colourless solution
Calcium unchanged

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15
Q

Precipitate from water testing will always be

A

Solid hydroxide of the cation

16
Q

Identifying chloride in water

A

Mix with silver nitrate acidified with dilute nitric acid

Silver halide precipitate will be white

17
Q

Identify bromide in water

A

Mix with silver nitrate acidified with dilute nitric acid

Silver halide precipitate will be cream

18
Q

Identify iodide in water

A

Mix with silver nitrate acidified with dilute nitric acid

Silver halide precipitate will be yellow

19
Q

Ionic equation

A

Ions written separately

Shows that they’re unchanged

20
Q

Detecting ammonium ions

A

Warming unknown substance with NaOH solution

If present, smelly alkali gas given off

21
Q

Detect ammonia

A

Smell

Turns damp red litmus paper blue

22
Q

Reason for sodium floride in water

A

Reduce tooth decay

23
Q

Risk of aluminium ions

A

Linked to Alzheimer’s and digestive damage

24
Q

What makes water hard

A

Calcium and magnesium ions

25
Q

Hard to wash with hard water ,why how

A

Hard to lather
Calcium and magnesium ions combine with soap
Make insoluble precipitate scum on surface

26
Q

Formation of lime scale

A

Calcium and magnesium decompose to form lime scale

27
Q

Temporary hardness

A

Water that can be heated to remove compounds

28
Q

Removing hardness

A

Ion exchange column
Filled with heads of resin (polymer)
+vly charged Ca or Mg switches with +vly charged sodium ions
That are weekly attached to resin

29
Q

Cleaning on exchange column

A

Concentrated sodium chloride solution (brine) pass through

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C3 (5 decks)

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