WATER

Question 1

Why is a diagram of water in a vshape

Answer 1

lone pairs of eectrons on the oxygen atom have grater repultion than the electrons forming the single bonds between oxygen and hydrogen, this push the hydrigen atoms together giving it a bent like sha[e

Question 2

covalent bonds of water, why is it polar?

Answer 2

Because oxygen has a higher electronegativity then hydrogen, therefor electrons are more attracted to oxygen, making hte oxygen atom having a partial negative charge while hydrogen having postiive making it uneven

Question 3

dipole

Answer 3

a negative and postive pole ( both partial)
Oxygen=negative
hydrogen=postive

Question 4

what are hydrogen bonds first

Answer 4

its a intermolecular force between molecuase in water is a hydrogen bond

Question 5

second points on hydrogen bond

Answer 5

electrostatic attraction between partial pso

Question 6

3rd point

Answer 6

hydrogen have slight postive and oxygen has slight negative

Question 7

why is the melting point of water high

Answer 7

more energey to braek hydrogen bonds between all water moelcuules

Question 8

what is the dipoles of water

Answer 8

partial negatie (oxygen) and partial positive (hydrogen)

Question 9

how are dipoles created in water

Answer 9

dipoles are created in water molecules due to electroneagitivty differecce/ unequal sharing of eletrons between oxygen

Question 10

why is the dipolar nature of water molecules is importnat

Answer 10

polarity of water makes it an elexcellant solves.

Question 11

difference between polar and dipolar

Answer 11

they either carrry a postive or negative cahrge, single pole, dipolar has to oppstives pole

Question 12

how can waters ph change

Answer 12

substance dissolve in it

Question 13

why is ice less dence compared to water

Answer 13

crystal lattice has a greater volume

Question 14

pros of lake of liquid being more dense then solid water

Answer 14

in cold weater lakes and rivers freeze form the top letting animals and plants to live underneth

Question 15

why is the water on the top have high sruface tension while the water surrounded around it doesnt

Answer 15

• water is adhesive, and tends to aggregate (combining several elemnts) in drops rather then spread out over the surface.

Question 16

what is cohesion

Answer 16

attraction of the smak kind of molecules using hydrogen bonding like water.

Question 17

what is adhesion

Answer 17

attraction of molecules of a different kind using electro static attractions

Question 18

roles for cohesion

Answer 18

play a role in water based processes in bioliogy liike how inscets relies on the strong surface tension of water to stay afloat

Question 19

what is capillary action

Answer 19

upward motion against gravity, eg: the attraction between water moleculues and the glass walls of the tube,

Question 20

water can only exist as

Answer 20

solid,liquid gas

Question 21

what is responsible for meniscus forming

Answer 21

-waters high surface tension has a part in this because how water molecules like to stick togehter (adhesion), molecules touching the glass gets clinged on by water molcules forming meniscus

Question 22

what is specific heat

Answer 22

amount of energy to change substance termperature

Question 23

waters high specific heat what can it do

Answer 23

it can absorb llarge amounts of heat energy before it get hot, it mean it can release heat energy slowly when situations cause it to cool, high specific heat allows moderation of earths climate letting organisms regulate their body temperature

Question 24

what is heat capactiy

Answer 24

is a measure of the substances capactiy to absorb and store heat enrgy

Question 25

electron negatiity

Answer 25

ability of a atom to attract itself to an electric pair

Question 26

calculating heat cpactiy formula

Answer 26

heat energy = specific heat capacity * mass *temperature change