Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

A Level Biology - 3.1.3 Transport in plants > Water > Flashcards

Water Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the result of more free water molecules?

A

Compared to suite, the higher the water potential

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Why is water important?

A

A key substance for plants both metabolism and structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does water provide?

A

Turgor (hydrostatic) pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the result of turgor?

A

It provides a hydrostatic skeleton to support stems and leaves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is water vital for?

A

Cell expansion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How is water vital for cell expansion?

A

The force allows roots to push through soil and shoots to grow through concrete and tarmac

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are other uses of water?

A

Keep plants cool, transport and photosynthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How is water used to keep plants cool?

A

Loss of water by evaporation from the stomata in leaves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How is water used in transport?

A

Mineral ions and products of photosynthesis are transport in aqueous solutions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How is water used in photosynthesis?

A

It is one of the raw materials

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the function of the root?

A

To anchor plant and provide surface for uptake of water from soil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How does the root increase SA for water uptake?

A

Present of root hairs just behind root tip

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How are root hairs a well adapted exchange surface?

A

Microscopic size, large SA:V, thin SA for diffusion and osmosis, and cytoplasm solute

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the function of the microscopic size of a root hair?

A

It can penetrate between soil particles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How do root hairs have a large SA?

A

1000s grow on root tips

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the function of cytoplasm solute?

A

It maintains water potential gradient between soil, water and cell as ions can be moved into the root hair cell by active transport

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How does water move into the root?

A

Through cytoplasm and sap in root hair cell and from soil water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the cytoplasm and sap in root hair cell?

A

Sugar, mineral ions and amino acids with low water potential

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is soil water?

A

A very low concentration of mineral ions with high water potential

20
Q

How do mineral ions and water move into root hair cells?

A

By active transport when in short supply and then water follows by osmosis

21
Q

What are the 2 ways water moves across the root?

A

The apoplast or symplast pathway

22
Q

What is the apoplast pathway?

A

Water moves through the open network of cellulose fibres in the cell walls through intercellular spaces

23
Q

What is the resistance in apoplast pathway?

A

Little resistance to the movement

24
Q

How does water move into the xylem?

A

As water moves into the xylem, other water molecules are pulled along behind across the movement in a continuous flow

25
Q

What allows the continuous flow of water?

A

Cohesive forces joining water molecules together

26
Q

What is the symplast pathway?

A

Water moves through the cytoplasm from one cell to the next through the plasmodesmata

27
Q

How does water move from cells?

A

It moves by osmosis from one cell to the next across the root until it reaches the endodermis

28
Q

What happens when water leaves a cell?

A

The water potential gets lower, maintaining the water potential for the next water molecules to come into cell

29
Q

What is the effect of plasmodesmata?

A

The cytoplasm is continuous

30
Q

What is the endodermis?

A

A ring of cells surrounding xylem and phloem

31
Q

What is the casparian strip?

A

A strip of wax (suberin) embedded in the cell walls of the endodermis and is impermeable to water

32
Q

What is the function of the casparian strip?

A

It blocks to apoplast pathway

33
Q

How does water move from the apoplast pathway to the symplast pathway?

A

The water in the apoplast pathway is diverted across the plasma membrane and into the cytoplasm where it travels through the symplast pathway

34
Q

What does water cross when it moves pathway?

A

A partially permeable membrane which has selective carrier proteins to prevent toxins reaching other parts of the plant

35
Q

What is the function of the endodermis?

A

It moves minerals by active transport from the cortex into the xylem

36
Q

What is the result of the endodermis?

A

Water potential in xylem becomes more negative and water passes into the xylem from cortex by osmosis down water potential gradient

37
Q

How is the water potential set up from soil to xylem?

A

Water potential in cells outside the endodermis goes down and water i pulled in from the next layer of cells right away across the root so water enters root hairs by osmosis

38
Q

What is the result of active transport of minerals?

A

Resulting movement of water by osmosis into the xylem results in root pressure

39
Q

What is root pressure?

A

A positive hydrostatic pressure which in independent of transpiration

40
Q

What is the result of root pressure?

A

Water is pushes a little way up the xylem

41
Q

What is evidence for root pressure?

A

If the shoot of a plant is cut off, sap exudes from the stump, guttation, mitochondrial poisons, lack of oxygen and increased temperature

42
Q

What is guttation?

A

Leave tips exude sap overnight

43
Q

How is mitochondrial poisons evidence for root pressure?

A

Mitochondrial poisons such as cyanide which prevents production of ATP, result in loss of root pressure

44
Q

What happens due to a lack of oxygen?

A

Loss of root pressure

45
Q

How does temperature affect root pressure?

A

Root pressure rises, suggesting chemical reactions

A Level Biology - 3.1.3 Transport in plants (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions