Transport in plants

Question 1

What are metabolic demands of a plant?

Answer 1

Glucose and oxygen, waste, hormones and mineral ions

Question 2

What is the metabolic demand of glucose and oxygen?

Answer 2

It is made by photosynthesising parts of plant has to be transported to all of the cells

Question 3

What are the metabolic demands of waste?

Answer 3

Excess oxygen must be removed

Question 4

What is the metabolic demands of hormones?

Answer 4

Made in one part of plat and needs o be transported to were they act

Question 5

What is the metabolic demands of mineral ions?

Answer 5

Absorbed by the root and need to be transported to all cells for protein synthesis

Question 6

What is the surface area of plants?

Answer 6

Leaves have a large SA:V ratio but overall plant does not, so the surface alone wouldn’t be enough to get water and sugar around the plant quickly enough

Question 7

Why do plants have transport systems?

Answer 7

Plants cannot rely on diffusion alone to supply all the needs of the different areas of the plant

Question 8

Why do pants need transport systems?

Answer 8

They need very effective systems to move substances up and down the plant

Question 9

What are dicotyledonous plants?

Answer 9

They have 2 halves of the seed called cotyledons

Question 10

What are cotyledons?

Answer 10

They store nutrients for seed germination and to makes first leaves

Question 11

What are types of dicotyledonous plants?

Answer 11

Herbaceous and arborescent

Question 12

What are herbaceous plants?

Answer 12

They are soft tissue and a short life span as leaves and stem dies down to ground level each year

Question 13

What are arborescent plants?

Answer 13

They are woody with hard lignified tissues and a long life cycle

Question 14

What is the transport system in plants?

Answer 14

The vascular system

Question 15

What is the vascular system made up of?

Answer 15

The xylem and phloem

Question 16

What is the purpose of the xylem?

Answer 16

To transport water and mineral ions from the soil around the plant

Question 17

What is the purpose of the phloem?

Answer 17

To transport sugars made by photosynthesis around the plant

Question 18

How is the xylem and phloem arranged?

Answer 18

In vascular bundles

Question 19

Where are vascular bundle located in roots ?

Answer 19

In the middle

Question 20

Why is the vascular bundle in the middle?

Answer 20

To withstand tugging strains as stems and leaves are blown about by the wind tugging on the roots

Question 21

What are the parts of the root?

Answer 21

Epidermis, root hair, xylem, phloem, endodermis, pericycle, cortex and parenchyma cells

Question 22

What is the epidermis?

Answer 22

Single layer of cells on outside of root

Question 23

What is the root hair?

Answer 23

A slender extension of specialised epidermal cells (root hair cell)

Question 24

Where is the xylem located in root?

Answer 24

In the centre

Question 25

Where is the phloem located in the root?

Answer 25

Around the xylem

Question 26

What is the endodermis?

Answer 26

A cylindrical layer of cells which encloses the xylem and phloem

Question 27

What is the pericycle?

Answer 27

Just beneath the endodermis and is able to decide (meristem cells)

Question 28

What is the cortex?

Answer 28

Several layers of undifferentiated cells (parenchyma) between endodermis and epidermis which contains air spaces

Question 29

What are the parenchyma cells?

Answer 29

Packing tissue which provides support with permeable walls to water and dissolved solutes

Question 30

What does the stem contain similar to the root?

Answer 30

Epidermis, cortex and parenchyma

Question 31

What is the vascular bundle located in stem?

Answer 31

Around the edge of the stem

Question 32

Why is the vascular bundle around the edge of the stem?

Answer 32

To give strength and support to the stem

Question 33

What does the vascular bundle contain in the stems?

Answer 33

Xylem, phloem and cambium

Question 34

What is the cambium?

Answer 34

Meristematic region between the xylem and phloem in the vascular bundle where cells are dividing to form new xylem and phloem tissue

Question 35

What is the vascular bundle like in young stems and non woody plants?

Answer 35

They are seperate

Question 36

What is the vascular tissue like in older woody stems?

Answer 36

Continues vascular tissue

Question 37

What does the midrib of the leaf?

Answer 37

The main vein containing xylem on top and phloem below

Question 38

Where are the veins in leaves?

Answer 38

They are many small branching spread through leaf

Question 39

What is the function of midrib and veins?

Answer 39

To support leaf