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EARTHSCI > WATER > Flashcards

WATER Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 9 facts about water?

A

Water could be the key to finding life.
Almost all of Earth’s water is in the oceans.
Most freshwater is in ice.
The amount of salt in salt water varies.
A lot can live in one drop of water.
Some water may have come from comets.
It’s great that ice floats.
Our bodies are mostly water.
In plants, water defies gravity.

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2
Q

(scientists who search for life on other planets)

A

astrobiologists

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3
Q

water covers ____ percent of the
surface of our planet.

A

71 percent

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3
Q

If all of that water fell as rain at
once, the whole planet would get about ____ inch
of rain.

A

1 inch

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3
Q

percent of water on Earth is
in our oceans,

A

96.5 percent

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3
Q

about ____ percent of water is floating above us in the
atmosphere.

A

0.001 percent

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3
Q

In a gallon of average ocean water, there is about —-
cup of salt.

A

1 cup of salt

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4
Q

how many percent is freshwater found in groundwater?

A

30%

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4
Q

Over —–
percent of Earth’s freshwater is locked up in ice
and glaciers.

A

68%

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4
Q

Just —— percent of Earth’s water is fresh—that
is, with few salts in it.

A

3.5 %

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4
Q

You can find Earth’s __——____ in our lakes, rivers, and streams, but don’t forget groundwater and glaciers.

A

freshwater

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4
Q

what ocean is salter that the Pacific Ocean

A

Atlantic Ocean

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5
Q

The saltiest water in
the world is found in Antarctica in a small lake
named

A

Don Juan Pond.

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6
Q

where is Don Juan Pond. located?

A

Antarctica

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7
Q

these are mostly
water ice.

A

Comets

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8
Q

could well have
made a big contribution.

A

comets

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9
Q

whic is less dense?
water or ice?

A

ice

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10
Q

how many percent of water is in a newborn baby?

A

78%

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11
Q

how many percent of water is in adults?

A

55-60%

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12
Q

It acts as a shock absorber for our
brain and spinal cord.

A

water in the our body

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13
Q

an interesting characteristic of water

A

“sticky”

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13
Q

is a transparent fluid that forms the world’s streams,
lakes, oceans, and rain

A

Water

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14
Q

thin straws called ——- in the
plant by holding onto each other and the walls of
the tube.

A

xylem

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15
Q

the major constituent of the fluids of organisms

A

water

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16
Q

how many oxgen atom does water molecule have?

A

1

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17
Q

how many hydrogen atom does water molecule have?

A

2

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18
Q

3 states of water

A

solid
liquid
gas

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18
Q

a water molecule contains
one oxygen and two hydrogen atoms that are
connected by

A

covalent bonds.

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19
Q

defined as a depression, or
dip, in the Earth’s surface.

A

basin

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20
Q

4 Characteristics of a Basin

A

❖ Shaped like bowls
❖ With sides higher than the bottom
❖ Can be oval or circular in shape
❖ Some are filled with water

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21
Q

is an area drained by a
river and all of its
tributaries

A

RIVER DRAINAGE

BASINS

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21
Q

3 The Major Types of Basins:

A

✓ River Drainage Basins
✓ Structural Basins
✓ Ocean Basins

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22
Q

(a river or
stream flowing into a
larger river or lake)

A

tributaries

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23
Q

made up of different
watersheds

A

RIVER DRAINAGE

BASINS

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24
Q

made of entire river system or an area drained by a river and its tributaries

A

watersheds

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25
Q

a small version of a river basin

A

Watershed

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26
Q

Every ——- and —— has its own watershed that
drains to a larger stream or wetland

A

stream and tributary

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27
Q

area of land covered by a shallow water or
saturated by water

A

Wetland

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28
Q

4 Part of a River Basin

A

Pond
Stream
Wetland
Lake

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29
Q

a river made up of six major watersheds:

A

Mississippi River basin in the United States

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30
Q

Mississippi River basin in the United States is mad eup of 6 major watersheds which are?

A

Missouri
Upper Mississippi
Ohio
Tennessee
Lower Mississippi
Arkansas-Red-White Rivers

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31
Q

in northern Texas, is part of the
Arkansas-Red-White watershed.

A

Pease River

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32
Q

A tributary of the Red River.

A

Pease River

33
Q

is a major tributary of the Mississippi River,
which flows into the Gulf of Mexico.

A

Red River

34
Q

watershed at
Quezon City

A

La Mesa Watershed

34
Q

Located in the northern South America, considered as the
largest in the world

A

THE AMAZON BASIN

34
Q

——- and all of its tributaries drain an area
more than 7 million square kilometers.

A

The Amazon River

35
Q

as per DENR the full number of watersheds recognized in the Philippines are at

A

142

36
Q

watershed at Pangasisnan

A

Agno River Basin

37
Q

watershed at Ilocos Sur

A

Buaya River

38
Q

watershed at Bataan/Zambales

A

Pinulot Watershed

39
Q

watershed at Cavite

A

Flagnyland

40
Q

watershed at Quezon Province

A

Lagnas Watershed

41
Q

watershed at Camarines Sur

A

Yabo-Naga Watershed

42
Q

watershed at Bohol

A

Loboc River

43
Q

watershed at Bulacan/Nueva Ecija

A

Dona Remedios-General Tinio

44
Q

watershed at Aklan

A

Aklan River

45
Q

watershed at Nueva Ecija/Nueva Vizcaya

A

Talavera

45
Q

watershed at Nueva Ecija

A

Pantanbangan-Carangalan

45
Q

watershed at Lanao del Sur

A

Lake Lanao

46
Q

formed by tectonic

activity

A

STRUCTURAL
BASINS

47
Q

Rocks and other
material on the floor
of the basin are
forced

A

downward

48
Q

caused by natural processes
of weathering and

erosion

A

STRUCTURAL
BASINS

49
Q

while material on the
sides of the basin
are

A

pushed up

50
Q

happens over thousands
of years

A

STRUCTURAL
BASINS

51
Q

is shaped like
a bowl,

A

basin

52
Q

is shaped like a
series of smaller bowls,
stacked inside each
other.

A

structural
basin

52
Q

usually found in dry
regions

A

STRUCTURAL
BASINS

52
Q

3 TYPES OF STRUCTURAL BASIN

A

Endorheic basins
Sedimentary basins
Lake Basins

53
Q
  • watershed that empties into
    an internal body of water,
    not the ocean
A

Endorheic basins

54
Q

have internal drainage
systems

A

Endorheic basins

54
Q

depression in the Earth’s
surface that has slowly
been filled with layers of
sand, rock, and other
debris (sediment)

A

Sedimentary basins

55
Q

often form in valleys blocked by rocks or
other debris left by a landslide, lava flow, or
glacier

A

Lake Basins

56
Q

they don’t have enough
water to drain to a
stream, lake, or ocean

A

Endorheic basins

57
Q

water that trickles into
these types of basins
evaporates or seeps into
the ground

A

Endorheic basins

58
Q

one of the saltiest natural body
of water on Earth.

A

The Dead Sea

59
Q

Its shore,
about 400 meters (1,300 feet)
below sea level, is Earth’s lowest
dry point.

A

Dead Sea

60
Q

dead sea’s shore is about —– meters below sea level

A

400 meters

61
Q

The water draining into ——– ——– from its few streams does
not exit the basin to a river or estuary.

A

Death Valley

62
Q
A
63
Q

debris acts as a dam,
trapping water and
forming a lake

A

LAKE BASINS

64
Q

Known Endorheic Basins in

the World

A

Death Valley, in the U.S. state

of California

65
Q

Known Lake Basins in the

World

A

Hunza Lake in Pakistan
Hunza River in Pakistan

66
Q

was formed when an
earthquake triggered a
massive landslide in 2010

A

Hunza Lake in
Pakistan

67
Q

The debris dammed the
Hunza River, in addition to
killing 20 people and
destroying the village of

A

Attabad.

68
Q

this river continues to
flow into the lake basin, and
many geologists and villagers
worry the basin won’t be
strong enough to hold the water

A

The Hunza River in Pakistan

69
Q

may also be carved
out by glaciers—huge
masses of ice—as they
move down valleys or
across the land

A

LAKE BASINS

70
Q

When
the glaciers move,
the basins they create

A

remain

71
Q

During the last ice age, glaciers carved the basins of the

A

Finger Lakes, in the U.S. state of New York.

72
Q

where is Finger Lakes located?

A

U.S. state of New York.

72
Q

Material that fills up the
basin is called

A

sediment fill

72
Q

have
been filled with layers of
rock and organic material
over millions of years.

A

SEDIMENTARY
BASINS

73
Q

they lived and died in ocean basins. Eventually, these
ancient oceans dried up, leaving dry basins.

A

diatoms

73
Q

(rock, debris, and other
material that fills a
sedimentary basin).

A

sediment

73
Q

key sources of petroleum and other fossil fuels

A

SEDIMENTARY
BASINS

74
Q

remains were crushed under billions of tons of sediment
fill, over millions of years. In the right conditions, the pressure
of the sediment fill turns the diatom remains into

A

petroleum

75
Q

one of the most
productive petroleum
fields in Africa.

A

Niger Delta sedimentary basin

76
Q

where is Niger
Delta sedimentary basin located?

A

in the countries of Nigeria,
Cameroon, and Equatorial
Guinea

77
Q

one of
the continent’s largest
suppliers of gas and

coal.

A

Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin

78
Q

where is Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin located?

A

North America

79
Q

Are the largest
depressions on Earth

A

OCEAN BASINS

80
Q

(the edges of the
continents)

A

Continental shelves

81
Q

Form the sides of
ocean basins
and Formed through
tectonic activity also

A

OCEAN BASINS

82
Q

FIVE MAJOR OCEAN BASINS

A

Pacific Basin

Atlantic Basin

Indian Basin

Arctic Basin

Southern Basin

83
Q

is the largest ocean basin in the world. It is more than
155 million square kilometers (59 million square miles)all of the
continents could fit into

A

Pacific Ocean

84
Q

a zone
of intense tectonic activity, including many earthquakes and
volcanoes.

A

Ring of Fire

EARTHSCI (16 decks)

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